课件参考成果chapirm finman14e.pdfVIP

21INCREMENTALANALYSIS

ChapterSummary

Theshort-runplanningproblemscoveredinChapter21areanaturalextensionof

cost-volume-profitanalysisfromthepreviouschapter.Thechapterbeginswithasimple

illustrationtoexplainthenatureofrelevantcostinformation.Wealsodefinetheconcepts

ofopportunitycostandsunkcostsatthispoint,andemphasizetheirrelevanceofsunkcosts

todecision-making.

Thechaptergoesontoexploreavarietyofdecision-makingsituations.Thefirst

oftheseillustratestheuseofidlecapacitytofillspecialorderspricedbelowfullcost.The

analysisrecallstheimportanceofcontributionmargintoplanning.Productionwitha

resourceconstrainthighlightscontributionmarginsomewhatdifferentlystressingCMper

unitofthelimitinginput.Make-orbuydecisionsareexplorednext.Suchproblemsare

particularlyinterestinggiventherecentprevalenceofoutsourcing.Thissectioncloseswith

anexaminationoftheoptionsregardingdefectiveunitsofoutput.

Thechapterconcludeswithanexplanationofjointproductsandtheallocationof

jointcosts.Ofthemanyapproachestojointcostallocation,onlyrelativesalesvalueis

explored.Wealsoconsiderthedecisiontofurtherprocesstheproductsbeyondthesplit-

offpoint.

LearningObjectives

1.Explainwhatmakesinformationrelevanttoaparticularbusinessdecision.

2.Discusstherelevanceofopportunitycosts,sunkcosts,andout-of-pocketcostsin

makingbusinessdecisions.

3.Useincrementalanalysisincommonbusinessdecisions.

4.Discusshowcontributionmargincanbeizedwhenonefactorlimits

productivecapacity.

5.Identifynonfinancialconsiderationsandcreativelysearchforbettercoursesofaction.

Brieftopicaloutline