第十三章内分泌药物ChapterEndocrineDrugs第一节甾体激素SectionSt.pptx

第十三章内分泌药物

Chapter13EndocrineDrugs第一节甾体激素Section1Steroidalhormones

背景介绍BackgroundIntroduction激素（Hormone），又称为荷尔蒙，是由高分化的内分泌细胞产生并直接分泌入血的化学物质。Hormoneisachemicalsubstanceproducedbywell-differentiatedendocrinecellsandsecreteddirectlyintotheblood.对人类的繁殖、生长、发育、代谢、其他各种生理功能、行为变化以及适应内外环境等，都起着重要的调节作用。Itplaysanimportantroleinregulatinghumanreproduction,growth,development,metabolism,variousotherphysiologicalfunctions,behavioralchanges,andadaptationtointernalandexternalenvironments.

第一节甾体激素Steroidalhormones具有甾体结构的激素统称为甾体激素（SteroidalHormones）Hormoneswithsteroidstructurearecollectivelycalledsteroidalhormones.甾体激素具有极重要的医药价值Steroidalhormonesareofgreatmedicinalvalue.维持生命Sustainlife调节生理功能Regulatephysiologicalfunctions影响发育Affectdevelopment调节免疫Regulateimmunity概述Overview

甾体激素Steroidalhormones替补治疗：雌激素、雄激素和孕激素Alternativetreatment:estrogens,androgens,andprogestins1949年发现肾上腺皮质激素及可的松能有效地治疗类风湿关节炎，应用领域扩大至皮肤病、过敏性哮喘等变态反应疾病、器官移植，进而发现许多皮质激素新药In1949,itwasfoundthatcorticosteroidsandcortisonecaneffectivelytreatrheumatoidarthritis,andtheirapplicationwasexpandedtoskindiseases,allergicasthmaandotherallergicdiseases,andorgantransplantation,andmanynewcorticosteroidswerediscovered.1950s-1960s，开发甾体避孕药，是人类生育控制的划时代成就，促使孕激素化学的深入研究In1950s-1960s,thedevelopmentofsteroidcontraceptivewasanepoch-makingachievementofhumanbirthcontrol,whichpromotedthefurtherstudyofprogesteronechemistry.1980s，开发孕激素受体拮抗剂，抗早孕药物出现Inthe1980s,progesteronereceptorantagonistsweredeveloped,andthentheanti-pregnancydrugsemerged.发展Development

甾体激素Steroidalhormones基本结构Basicstructure分类（按结构）Classification(bystructure)环戊烷并多氢菲（甾烷）Perhydrocyclopentanophenanthrene(sterane)雌甾烷Oestrane雄甾烷Androstane孕甾烷Pregnane根据以上母核，可将甾体激素分为雌甾烷类、雄甾烷类和孕甾烷类三类药物。Accordingtotheaboveparentnucleus,steroidalhormonescanbedividedintothreeclassesofdrugs:estrogen,androstaneandpregnane.

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