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Unit7Landscapedesigninurbanenvironment
Section3Textandcriticalthinking(2)
Scanningandanswering
Q1Whaturbansystemsdoesdwellerneed?Theurbandwellerrequiresacomplete,evenlydistributed,andflexiblesystemprovidingalltypesofrecreationforpersonsofeveryage,interest,andsex.(Para.5)
Q2Whataretheproblemsoftheexistingrecreationalsystems?Thereareinadequacyinquantityandmanyqualitativeshortcomings.Publicparksystemsareusuallyquiteisolated,whichmakesaone-sidedrecreationalenvironment.Also,thesesystemslaborunderantiquatedconceptsofdesign,seldomcominguptothecontemporaryplaneofformalexpression.(Para6)
Q3Thesuccessofdesignisdependentuponaccurateanalysesoftheneedsofthepeopletobeenvironed.Sowhataretheneeds?Theseneedsarebothindividualandcollective.Individually,privacyout-of-doorsmeansrelaxation,emotionalreleasefromcontact,andreunionwithnatureandthesoil.
Andcollectively,notonlydotheirrecreationalneedsvarywidelywithage,sex,andprevioushabitsandcustoms(nationalgroupsarestillanimportantiteminplanning);buttheyarealsoconstantlyshifting–influencedbyimmigration,work,andlivingconditions.(Paras.89)
ParaphrasingExpressionlearning(1)Ofthese,thecombinedparksystemsofNewYorkCity,WestchesterCountyandLongIslandundoubtedlyconstitutethemostadvancedexamples.(Para5)Itmeansamongthese,themostadvancedexamplesarethecombinedparksystemsofNewYorkCity,WestchesterCountyandLongIsland....undoubtedlyconstitutethemostadvancedexamples:...arethebestexamples
(2)But,asidefromtheirsheerinadequacy–noAmericancityboastsevenminimumstandardsofone-acreopentoeach100population–thesesystemshavemanyqualitativeshortcomings.(Para6)Itmeansapartfromtheirsheerinadequacy,i.e.noAmericancityisproudofevenminimumstandardsofone-acreopentoeach100population,th
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