有关to的语法及用法.pptVIP

复习不定式（RevisetheInfinitive）不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由“to+动词原形”构成,没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语.但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。辨别下面不定式在句子中充当的成分:Itisgoodtohelpothers.Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings.MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.1(subject)2(subject)3(predicative)44.Idon’thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.5.Iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake.6.Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.7.MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam.(attribute)(attribute)(object)(object)8.Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife.9.SomedaysIamtootiredtogetoutofbed.10.Wemustcallonlocalgovernmentto givefinancialassistancetodisabled people.(adverbial)(adverbial)(objectcomplement)不定式在句中的功能#2022做宾语她喜欢谈论这件事情。Ex.Shelovestotalkaboutthematter.他希望不久能找到工作.Hehopestofindajobsoon.常接不定式做宾语的动词有：afford,agree,aim,arrange,ask,attempt,begin,bother,care,choose,continue,dare,decide,demand,expect,fail,hate,hope,learn,long,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,prepare,promise,prove,refuse,want,wish等Ex.Doyourememberwhichwaytogetthere?1.不定式有时和连接代/副词一起构成宾语.01Haveyoudecidedwhattodonext?下一步干什么你决定了吗?02Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughorcryaboutit.2有时不定式由whether引起.04I’llaskhimhowtooperatethemachine.我来问他怎么样开这机器.03feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider等动词后如果是不定式做宾语,补语是形容词(间或是名词),常用it作形式宾语,把不定式后移.Ex.Ifinditdifficulttoworkwithhim.Ex.Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.Mybrotheraskedmetocleantheroomwithhim.3.做宾语补足语:常带to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有:ask,beg,prefer,help,promise,wish,want,expect,permit,request,allow,command,tell,invite,cause,encourage,warn,advise,persuade,force,order,remind,teach,等.后接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有:let,hear,have,make,se