新工科大学英语 教师用书 3. Types of EV batteries.docx

TypesofEVbatteries

EVbatterycellsarecategorizedbytheirphysicalformandchemicalcomposition,eachwithdistinctadvantagesandchallengesinenergydensity,cost,andmanufacturingcomplexity.

1)Byphysicalform

Cylindricalcells(圆柱形电芯):rolledelectrodesinametal(steel/aluminum)canister.Advantagesincludehighmechanicalstability,efficientthermalmanagement,andmaturemanufacturing.Disadvantagesincludelowerpack-levelenergydensityandcomplexmoduleassembly.

Prismaticcells(方形电芯):flat,rectangularaluminumcasingwithstackedelectrodes.Advantagesincludehigherpack-levelenergydensity(efficientspaceutilization)andbetterforstructuralintegration.Disadvantagesincludethermalmanagementchallengesandhighermanufacturingcosts.

Pouchcells(软包电芯):flexiblelaminatedaluminumpouchwithstackedelectrodes.Advantagesincludehighenergydensity,lightweight,andcustomizableshapesforspaceefficiency.Disadvantagesincludelowermechanicalstability(requiresexternalsupport)andrelativelylowerconsistency.

2)Bycathodechemistry

Lithiumnickelmanganesecobaltoxide(NMC):Advantagesincludehighenergydensityandbalancedperformance.Disadvantagesincludecobaltdependency(ethicalsourcingissues).

Lithiumironphosphate(LFP):Advantagesincludelongerlifespan,cobalt-free,lowercost,andsafer.Disadvantagesincludelowerenergydensity.

Lithiumnickelcobaltaluminumoxide(NCA):Advantagesincludeveryhighenergydensity.Disadvantagesincludecobaltdependency(ethicalsourcingissues)andpoorthermalstability(needsrobustcooling).