初中英语语法动词.pptxVIP

动词

Horsesrunfast.Heiseatingadrumstick(鸡腿).什么是动词？

一、定义表达动作或状态的词叫做动词。二、分类动词按含义及它们在句中的作用分为四类：情态动词行为(实义)动词系动词助动词

1．行为(实义)动词(1)定义：实义动词意义完整，可以独立作谓语。按其持续性可分为：延续性动词和非延续性动词。(2)分类：根据其在句中与否需要宾语，又可细分为：及物动词vt.不及物动词vi.

Ilikethisbookverymuch.Listentotheteachercarefully.Heturnedoffthelightwhenheleft.WecallthebirdPolly.Pleasepassmethesalt.Shepickeditupandgaveittome.Hedevotedhislifetimetothecareer.辨别及物和不及物动词

WestudyEnglish.Westudyhard.有动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词吗？Birdscanfly.Look!Heisflyingakiteoverthere.ShallIbeginatonce?Shebeganworkingasalibrarianlastyear.Theyleftlastweek.WhendidtheyleaveChicago?

(1)及物动词(vt.)规定跟宾语。IlearnEnglisheveryday.(English是learn的宾语)(2)不及物动词背面不能直接跟宾语。WearrivedatLondonatnoon.总结：(3)有些不及物动词与某些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语，它的作用相称于一种及物动词。payattentionto,goonwith,turnoff......

(4)及物动词可以跟“双宾语”(直接宾语和间接宾语)，也可跟“复合宾语”(宾语和宾语补足语)。Peoplegivemetheirmoney.InEngland，peopleusuallycallmeJimforshort.Ifoundasmallboycryinthecorneryesterday.

注：①带省略to的不定式或目前分词作宾补的动词有：make，let，have，see，watch，notice，hear等。②带双宾语的动词有：give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell,write,read，return等。

2．系动词(1)定义：系动词自身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，阐明主语的状态、性质、特性或身份。Sheisveryyoung.Thesongsoundsverybeautiful.Jackalwayskeepshisrooncleanandtidy.Thegrassturnsgreeninspring.

(2)分类：feel,smell,sound,tastebe动词become,grow,turn,get,go,come,状态感官变化系动词持续keep,rest,remain,stay表像seem,appear,look

3．助动词定义：助动词(v.aux.)自身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独用作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词一起构成多种时态、语态以及否认和疑问构造。Heiseatingadrumstick.Heiseatingadrumstick.(实义动词)(?动词)

1.助动词be(am,is,are,was,were)(1).be+目前分词,构成进行时；Weareplayingbasketball.(2).be+过去分词,构成被动语态。ThebookwaswrittenbyLuXun.2.助动词have/has/had+动词过去分词，构成完毕时。IhavelearnedEnglishforeightyears.

3.助动词do/does/did用于构成疑问、否认、倒装句，加强语气及替代前面刚出现的动词等。DoyouliveinChina?—Yes,Ido.Hedidntplayfootballyesterday.