宠物克隆技术师高级英文面试题及翻译.docxVIP

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宠物克隆技术师高级英文面试题及翻译

Section1:TechnicalKnowledgeandExpertise(10Questions,Total50Points)

题型说明：考察候选人对宠物克隆核心技术的理解、操作流程及前沿进展的掌握程度。

1.1CloningProcessOverview(5Points)

Question:Describethekeystepsinthesomaticcellnucleartransfer(SCNT)processusedforpetcloning,includingthepreparationofdonorcells,enucleation,andactivationofthereconstructedembryo.

Translation:描述体细胞核移植（SCNT）技术用于宠物克隆的关键步骤，包括供体细胞的准备、去核和重构胚胎的激活过程。

Answer:

TheSCNTprocessforpetcloninginvolvesthefollowingsteps:

1.DonorCellPreparation(2Points):Collectskincellsorsomaticcellsfromthepettobecloned.Thesecellsareculturedtoproliferateandthenfrozenforstorage.

2.OocyteCollection(1Point):Obtainoocytes(eggs)fromafemaledonor,typicallythroughinvitromaturation.

3.Enucleation(1Point):Removethenucleusfromtheoocytetocreateanenucleatedegg.

4.Fusion(1Point):Combinethedonornucleuswiththeenucleatedoocyteusingelectricalpulsesorchemicalstoformareconstructedembryo.

5.Activation(1Point):Stimulatetheembryowithchemicalorelectricalsignalstoinitiatecelldivision,formingablastocyst.

1.2GeneticTestingandQualityControl(5Points)

Question:Explaintheimportanceofpre-implantationgeneticdiagnosis(PGD)inpetcloningandhowithelpsreducetheriskofgeneticdisordersinclonedoffspring.

Translation:解释植入前遗传学诊断（PGD）在宠物克隆中的重要性，以及它如何降低克隆后代遗传疾病的风险。

Answer:

PGDiscriticalinpetcloningbecauseitallowsfortheselectionofhealthyembryosfreeofchromosomalabnormalitiesorinheritedgeneticdisorders.Theprocessinvolves:

1.EmbryoBiopsy(2Points):Analyzecellsfromtheblastocysttodetectgeneticdefects.

2.ChromosomeScreening(1Point):Identifyaneuploidies(abnormalchromosomenumbers)thatcouldcausedevelopmentalissues.

3.MitochondrialDNACheck(1Point):EnsuretheabsenceofmitochondrialDNAmutations.

4.Selection(1Point):Transferonlyhealthye