计算机操作系统-Processes-and-Scheduling-I.pptVIP

Chapter2ProcessesandScheduling(I)

ContentsFoundation：ProcessDescriptionandControlImplement：MutualExclusionandSynchronizationAvoidance：Deadlock（死锁）andHungry（饥饿）Solution：SeveralClassical(经典)ProblemsAbout：ProcessCommunicationsPolicy：Processscheduling

ProcessDescriptionandControl（p101）Concurrence(vs.parallel)executionofprocesses(supplement（补充）)ProcessstatesandtransitionProcessdescription（PCB）Processcontrol（Primitive/Atomic）

SerialExecutionofProgramSerialexecutioncharacteristicsSequence（顺序）、isolate（独立）、recurrence（再现）Concurrenceexecutioncharacteristicsdiscontinuity、no-isoloate、no-recurrenceBernsteincondition R(P1)∩W(P2)∪W(P1)∩R(P2)∪W(P1)∩W(P2)={Φ}

SomeProblemsforProcessManagement（p101）Howtodispatch（分派）CPUtomulti-processesHowtoallocateresourcetomulti-processesandavoiddeadlockandhungryHowtoimplementtheprocesscommunication

ProcessConcept（p60）AprograminexecutionThe“animatedspirit”ofaprogramTheentitythatcanbeassignedtoandexecutedonaprocessor

ProcessCharacteristics（Supplement）Dynamic:create-dispatch-requestI/O-redispatch(重分派)-exitConcurrence：Independence：Eachprocessdoesnotfeeltheexistenceofotherprocesses.Discontinuity:

ArchitectureofProcess（p120）UserdataandprogramSystemstackPCB，ProcessControlBlock

ProcessStatesConcurrenceexecutionofprocessesStatesofprocesses（2-states、5-states）

ExampleofConcurrenceExecution(p102)Anexample:Threeprocessesarefullyloadedinmainmemory.Asmalldispatcherprogramthatmovestheprocessorfromoneprocesstoanother.Thefirst12instructionexecutedinprocessesAandC.ProcessBexecutesfourinstructionsandthefourthinstructioninvokes（激发）anI/Ooperationforwhichtheprocessmustwait.

ExampleFigure3.2，P103

ExampleFigure3.3，P104

TwoStateProcessModel（P104）TwostatesRunningNot-runningAnewprocessentersintothenot-runningstate.Arunningprocesswillbeinterruptedand