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论著灾害医学研究中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志2023年11月第18卷第11期ChinJEmergResuscDisasterMed,November2023,Vol.18No.11
基于案例分析的雷击伤害机制及医疗救护
1,2,3413
殷启元,韦智嘉,余安然,周方聪
1.广东省气候中心,广东广州510640;2.中国气象局雷电重点开放实验室;3.海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实
验室,海南海口570203;4.广东省气象局机关服务中心,广东广州510640
摘要:目的通过案例分析和总结阐述雷击伤害的类型和机制,并提出基本医疗救护。方法根据不同区域发生了
的具体雷击案例,分析其具体损伤机制,并分析其死亡与受伤的结局与雷击损伤的机制关系。结果雷击损伤主
要与心脏问题和神经系统的影响有关,而不是烧伤,后者通常后果较轻;雷击后,医疗救治应注意处置的顺序和原
则性,实施CPR和辅助AED是最为有效的挽救生命方式,以及应该重视雷击后遗症切实有效的治疗与护理。结
论结合我国雷击伤亡情况,从早期救治、院后治疗、护理观察等方面提出存在问题,为对雷击伤害的科学性质认
知提供了准确的依据。
关键词:雷电;雷电灾害;雷击伤害;伤害机制;医疗救护
中图分类号:R129文献标识码:A文章编号:1673-6966(2023)11-1412-05
Astudyonlightningdamagemechanismandmedicaltreatmentbased
oncaseYINQiyuan,WEIZHIjia,YUAnran,ZHOUFangcong.GuangdongClimateCenter,Guangzhou
Guangdong510640,China
Correspondingauthor:YINQiyuan,E-mail:yinqiyuan@
Abstract:ObjectiveAtpresent,thenumberoflightningcasualtiesandcasualtyratehavegreatlyreducedin
developedcountries,buttherehasbeennosignificantreductionindevelopingcountries.Ontheonehand,thisisdue
tothehighfrequencyoflightning,ontheotherhand,thevulnerabilityofpeopleindevelopingcountriesisalsoan
influencingfactor.MethodsBasedonspecificlightningstrikecasesthatoccurredindifferentregions,theirspecific
damagemechanisms,therelationshipbetweentheirdeathandinjuryoutcomes,andthemechanismoflightningdamage
wereanalyzed.ResultsLightningdamagewasmainlyrelatedtoheartproblemsandtheimpactofthenervoussystem,
ratherthanburns,whichusuallyhadmildconsequences;Afteralightningstrike,medicaltreatmentshouldpay
attentiontotheorderandprinciplesoftreatment.ImplementingCPRandassistedAEDwerethemosteffectivewaysto
savelives,andattentionshouldbepaidtotheeffectivetreatmentandnursingoflightningstrokesequelae.Conclusion
CombinedwiththesituationoflightningcasualtiesinChina,theexistingproblemsareputforwardduringtheprocessof
earlytreatment,posthospitaltreatmentandnursingobse
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