清华大学机械工程课程PPTCH9-SME-EngMater.pptVIP

Chapter9–CeramicsandGlassesLowdensities;Highmeltingtemperaturesandhighservicetemperatures;Highstrengthincompression;Highhardness,highwearresistance;Corrosionresistant;Thermalandelectricalinsulators;Highbrittleness;Difficulttofabricateormachine;….

Glass-ceramics(crystallizedglasses)Traditionalceramics:mostlySiO2-basedoxideceramics(silicateceramics)Advancedceramics(engineeringceramics)NonsilicateoxidesNonoxideceramicsSilicateglassesNonsilicateglassesCeramics(crystalline)Glasses(noncrystalline)

9.1TraditionalCeramics:Clay-BasedProducts–RawMaterials?Clay-basedproducts:madefromthreebasiccomponents:Clay:consistsmainlyofhydratedaluminumsilicates(Al2O3.SiO2.H2O)withsmallamountsofotheroxidessuchasTiO2,Fe2O3,MgO,CaO,Na2O,andK2O;providesworkabilityofthematerialbeforefiringhardensit(whenwaterisadded,claybecomesveryplastic)andconstitutesthemajorbodymaterial(clayfusesormeltsoverarangeoftemperatures);prevailingcharacteristicisalayeredstructure,oneexampleofwhichisthekaolinitestructure.Silica(SiO2):alsocalledflintorquartz;ahighmeltingtemperature(1713?C);actsastherefractorycomponent.Feldspar:basiccompositionK2O(orNa2O).Al2O3.6SiO2;lowmeltingtemp.;makesaglasswhentheceramicmatrixisfiredandbondstherefractorycomponentstogether.(chinaclay)

9.1TraditionalCeramics:Clay-BasedProducts–Structural,Whitewares?Structuralclayproducts:Madeofnaturalclay;Examples:buildingbricks,sewerpipes,draintile,roofingtile,andfloortile.?Whitewares:Madefromcomponentsofclay,silica,andfeldspar;Compositioncontrolled;Becomewhiteafterhigh-temperaturefiring;Fine-grainedmicrostructure;Examples:elect