国外标准分享ASTM F1938-98.docxVIP

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Designation:F1938–98

Guidefor

AMERICANSOCIETYFORTESTINGANDMATERIALS

100BarrHarborDr.,WestConshohocken,PA19428ReprintedfromtheAnnualBookofASTMStandards.CopyrightASTM

SaferUseofMovableSoccerGoals1

ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF1938;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.

INTRODUCTION

Thereareapproximately225000to500000soccergoalsintheUnitedStates.Manyofthesesoccergoalsareunsafebecausetheyareimproperlydesigned,manufactured,orinstalled(unstableandareeitherunanchoredornotproperlyanchoredorcounter-balanced).Thesesoccergoalsposeanunnecessaryriskoftipovertochildrenwhoclimbongoals(ornets)orhangfromthecrossbar.

TheU.S.ConsumerProductSafetyCommission(CPSC)knowsoffourdeathsin1990aloneandatleast21deathsduringthepast16years(1979–1994)associatedwithmovablesoccergoals.Inaddition,anestimated120injuriesinvolvingfallinggoalsweretreatedeachyearinU.S.hospitalemergencyroomsduringtheperiod1989through1993.Manyoftheseriousincidentsoccurredwhenthesoccergoalstippedoverontothevictim.Almostallofthegoalsinvolvedinthesetipoversappearedtobe“home-made”byhighschoolshopclasses,custodialmembers,orlocalwelders,notprofessionallymanufactured.These“home-made”goalsoftenareveryheavyandunstable.

Themajorityofmovablesoccergoalsareconstructedofmetal,typicallyweighing150–500lbs.Theseriousinjuriesanddeathsarearesultofbluntforcetraumatothehead,neck,chest,andlimbsofthevictims.Inmostcasesinjuriesordeathoccurredwhenthegoaltippedorwasaccidentallytippedontothevictim.Inonecase,an