新概念语法精粹（第四册）.docVIP

新东方新概念第四册语法精粹 A Brief introduction to Translation翻译原理入门I. Definition 翻译的定义 Translation, speaking, implies rendering from one language into another of something written or spoken. It is, essentially the faithful representation, in one language of what is written or spoken in another. It is the replacement of textual material in one language (SL-the source language) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL-target language). II. Qualifications of a translator 翻译者必备的素质?1) A translator must be well acquainted with the source language. We are inclined to feel too confident of our comprehension when we are reading foreign literary works. We think we know it from A to Z, yet, when we start translating it we find it difficult and there are many points misunderstood. We are playing the fool with ourselves because of careless reading, Therefore, translation serves as the best possible approach to the study of foreign languages. 2) A translator must be well acquainted with the target language. Lets take Yan Fu for instance: When Yan Fu, a famous translator in the Qing Dynasty, was translating Evolution and Ethics and other Essays, the title turned out to be the crux（症结）that caused him to cudgel his brains （绞尽脑汁）day and night and look pale for it. His wife worried very much representation of the title for quite time and eventually had it translated into《天演论》which has since deserved high praise up till now. 3) A translator must be armed with necessary professional knowledge. 4) A translator must be armed with the ability to live his part. As famous play writer Maryann pointed out: a translator must enter into the spirit of character (regard himself as one that plays a role in a play). That is to say, he seems 1. present at the very spot.（亲临其境） 2. involved in the very occurrence.（亲历其事） 3. witnessing the very parties concerned.（亲睹其人） 4. interating the very utterances.（亲道其法） 5. experiencing the very joy and annoy.（亲尝其甘，亲领其苦） 6. sharing the ver