[初中课件]定语从句复习要点.pptVIP

需要学习和掌握的定语从句有以下三种： 由关系代词或关系副词引导的定语从句。 由介词＋whom/which引导的定语从句。 非限制性定语从句。 学习定语从句的关键是如何选择关联词。关联词在句中作状语就应使用关系副词.(where, when, why等。)否则使用关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that等。) 二、非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对先行词起限制作用， 非限制性定语从句是对概念清楚的先行词加以追加阐述或补充说明。 非限制性定语从句一般用which/who引导而不用that引导，作宾语的关系代词不能省略，从句与主句用逗号分开。 E.g.: I have a brother who is a soldier. I have a brother, who is a doctor. Last Saturday they reached Shanghai, where a meeting is to be hold. 在非限制性定语从句中as与which可以在整个主句作 为其先行词指代上面或下面说的一件事， 从意义上来看 which (=and this/that) as (=in accordance with what) E.g.: He is a teacher, which(=as)is clear from his manner或He is a teacher, as(=which)can be seen from his manner.The student forgot to bring his dictionary, as is oftenthe case.（此句中as不能用which代。） 从as,which在非限制性定语从句中的位置和作用来看 as引导的从句可置于主句之前，亦可置于主句之后， which一般置于主句之后。 定语从句判断步骤： （1）判断出先行词 （2）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成分 （3）确定关系代词的人称和数 ★定从的时态不受主句的限制 The woman who/that was spoken to yesterday is my mother. 定语从句的辨认与使用 （1）找出先行词 a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性 b.确定从句位置(一般在先行词之后) （2）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成分以确定关系代词的格 （3）确定从句时态 * Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 主从复合句：主句+从句 (S + V 连接词 S + V) 定语从句：在复合句中作定语，修饰某个名词或代词的从句。 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词。 关系词：连接名词或代词与从句的词。 其作用：代替先行词，连接从句，在从句中作句子成分。 其分类：关系代词that,which,who, whom,whose 关系副词when, where, why 1. Here comes the girl who wants to see you. 2.The computer which is being used here is made in Beijing. 3. The room whose window face south is mine. 4. The letter that/ which I received yesterday was from my brother. 5. The boy that/who/whom you played with is Lucy’s brother. 先行词 关系词作主语 作宾语 作定语 人 物 that/who that/who/whom whose that/which that/which whose 定语从句注意事项 1. what不引导定语从句 I want to give you what I have. (宾语从句） 2. 先行词被the same 修饰时，关系代词既可用that, 也可用as.但意义不同，前者表示“同一的”，后者表示“同样的”。 3. 关系副词when，where why其含义相当于on which, in which, for which等可交替使用。 4.当先行词为专有名词或整个句子是世界上独一无二的名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。 The sun, which gives us light, is very big. *