毛乌素沙地南缘沙地-荒漠草原景观 界面的判定.docVIP

  毛乌素沙地南缘沙地-荒漠草原景观 界面的判定# 许冬梅1,2，谢应忠1,2* 5 10 （1. 宁夏大学农学院，银川 750021； 2. 宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地，银川 750021） 摘要：以盐池县草原为研究对象，在沙地－荒漠草原景观界面设置 3 条平行样线 (样线长 3.1-4.4km，样地间隔为 100m)，对植被、土壤进行调查，采用游动分割窗技术判定沙地－ 草地过渡带界面位置，并将整个沙地－草地景观界面划分为不同的沙化类型草地。结果表明： 依据植被和土壤参数判定，景观界面位置有一定重叠，但不完全相同。综合植被和土壤的判 定结果，毛乌素沙地南缘沙地－荒漠草原过渡带存在 3 个边界，由此将整个界面划分为流动 半流动沙丘草地、固定半固定沙地草地、盐化丘间低地草地和缓坡丘陵梁地草地 4 个类型。 关键词：毛乌素沙地；荒漠草原；景观界面；游动分割窗技术 中图分类号：S812.5 15 Determination of sandy land-desert steppe boundaries in the southwest edge of Mu Us sandy land Xu Dongmei1,2, Xie Yingzhong1,2 (1. School of Agronomy,Ningxia University, YinChuan 750021; 20 25 30 35 2. Breeding Base of State Key Laboratory for Preventing Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration,Ningxia University, YinChuan 750021) Abstract: The experiment was carried out in Yanchi. Data on vegetation and soil properties collected on three 3.1-4.4km parallel transects at 100m intervals across sandy land/desert steppe transition zone were used to detect boundary location along the sandy land/grassland ecotone by using the moving split-window. Different desertification categories were divided along the sandy land/grassland transition zone. The results showed that: The boundaries detected using vegetation and soil properties overlapped, but they were not exactly congruent. Combining the dissimilarity profiles of soil particle size with importance value of plants, three boundaries were detected across sandy land/desert steppe ecotone. According to the three boundaries, we divided the whole transition zone into four desertification categories: shifting and semi-shifting dune, fixed and semi-fixed dune, saline bottomland and gentle slope hilly ridge. Keywords: Mu Us sandy land; desert steppe; landscape boundary; moving split-window 0 引言 景观界面深刻影响着生态系统的结构、功能以及不同尺度景观的生态过程。生态系统由 于自然和人为活动的干扰，始终处于某种变化状态。系统是否处于稳定状态可以用系统边缘 或相邻生态系统间界面层的变化来衡量。景观界面是具有多种结构特征的特殊景观[1]，本身 是具有空间和时间动态的实体，影响相邻生态系统和自身的结构与过程 [2,3] 干扰下，往往出现生态平衡发展的双向性，或是朝着生态质量水平提高的方向发展，或是向 40 着质量水平降低的方向发展[