钻井工程5--井眼轨道设计与轨迹控制.ppt

钻井工程5--井眼轨道设计与轨迹控制.ppt

三、钟摆组合控制井斜 2、钟摆钻具组合使用 (1)多数用于井斜角较大的井纠斜。直井内无防斜作用。 (2) 其性能对钻压特别敏感。钻压增大,则增斜力增大, 钟摆力减小。使用时必须严格控制钻压。 (3) 只能使用小钻压“吊打”。如果使用大钻压,可能 形成新的支点。 (4)不能有效控制井眼曲率,易形成“狗腿”。 (5)间隙对钟摆钻具组合性能的影响比较明显。 四、其它直井防斜技术 1、塔式钻具(钟摆钻具) 2、偏心钻铤(形成公转和钟摆力) 3、方钻铤(满眼钻具组合) 4、钻铤偏心短节(形成钻铤公转) 5、微机控制自动 垂直钻井系统(VDS) 垂直钻井系统简介Vertical Drilling System(VDS) The VertiTrak system is designed to keep the top hole vertical without interaction from surface and without compromising critical drilling parameters (flow rate, WOB or bit speed) while maintaining high ROP along the entire section and avoiding timeconsuming correction runs. An inclinometer monitors any vertical deviation and an integrated oil pump provides hydraulic energy to power steering ribs on the bearinghousing to push the assembly back to vertical. Several Advantages The system can create smooth holes without offsets and ledges because there is no bend in the assembly to cause oversize sections and no string rotation to damage the borehole walls and trigger borehole stability problems. The resulting improvement in hole quality and the precise wellpath leads to several advantages: ? Minimal torque and drag in deeper hole sections ? Precise well placement ? Reduced wellhead spacing at the surface ? Improved safety for layout of the casing program ? Lean casing drilling with cost savings in drilling mud, casing material, cuttings disposal, etc.1,2 ? Reduced hole length as the rig can be placed directly above the target without factoring in the formation’s natural drift tendencies. ? No need for time-consuming correction runs even in highly dipped formations, fault zones, and salt formations, where it is difficult to control the directional behavior of PDC bits. 第四节 定向井井眼轨道设计 常规定向井: 大斜度井: 水平井: 上翘井: 大位移井: 水平位移与垂深之比大于 2.0 一、定向井轨道分类 二维定向井: 常规二维定向井:井段形状由直线和圆弧曲线组成。 非常规二维定向井:除了直线和圆弧曲线外,还有某种特殊曲线 如:悬链线、二次抛物线等。 三维定向井:纠偏三维定向井,绕障

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