放射线在创伤外科的治疗过程中的危害性.ppt

Radiation hazard is an critical issue not well appreciated in orthopedic trauma surgery. ………………….. After this lecture, participants should be able to: Recall the physical and biological facts about radiation Understand when and how to apply radiation during orthopedic trauma procedures Understand why and how he can protect the patient, the team and himself during The energy produced by x-radiation is named as rem meaning roentgen equvivalent in men and is a unit of radiation dose . 100 rem produces is deposing 1 J/kg in one kilogramm of matter. This energy absorbed in one kilogramm of matter is called Gray and this is the unit used in physics. In a human being this absorbed energy is reflected by the dose equvalent called Sievert . 100 rem is a very high dose of radiation. The radiation of a chest x-ray equals 1 mSv= 1mGy, = 1 mSv The energy produced by x-radiation is named as rem meaning roentgen equvivalent in men and is a unit of radiation dose . 100 rem produces is deposing 1 J/kg in one kilogramm of matter. This energy absorbed in one kilogramm of matter is called Gray and this is the unit used in physics. In a human being this absorbed energy is reflected by the dose equvalent called Sievert . 100 rem is a very high dose of radiation. The radiation of a chest x-ray equals 1 mSv= 1mGy, = 1 mSv Comanagement is the most important part of interdisciplinary care of the frail elderly patients from admission until the completion of rehabilitation. With interdisciplinary care, we take advantage of the expertise of other specialists that the orthopedic surgeon may lack. The core team consists of the orthopedist, the geriatrician, and the anesthetist. Nurses, therapists, social workers, and dieticians contribute when needed. The team approach to the patient needs to be well defined in advance, so that all members understand the importance of their roles. Coownership means that all team members share the responsibility for the care of patients and rely upon