高压喷嘴的射流仿真研究.docVIP

第A-PDF2Split 2013 年 2 月  电 工 程  Journal of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Feb. 2013  DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1001-4551.2013.02.015 高压喷嘴的射流仿真研究 张 振 ，章 巧 芳 * （浙江工业大学 机械工程学院，浙江 杭州 310014） 摘要：针对高压喷嘴射流发散快以及速度稳定性差等问题，将 Fluent 仿真技术应用到高压喷嘴的流场分析中。根据高压喷嘴结构特 点，为喷嘴及外部喷射区域建立了轴对称的几何模型；并根据喷射过程中流体速度的变化情况进行了网格的划分与加密，然后对高 压喷嘴的淹没与非淹没射流流场以及不同收缩角时的非淹没射流流场进行了仿真分析；在流体理论的基础上提取了各种情况下的 速度分布图，并对其结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明，收缩角的不同对喷嘴流场的轴线的速度变化影响较大，当收缩角为 10°时 流场速度的稳定性最好；此外，通过对淹没射流与非淹没射流的流场情况进行比较，得出了非淹没射流对速度的集中更为理想的结 论；仿真分析结果也为高压喷嘴结构及喷射形式的选取提供了一定的依据。 关键词：高压喷嘴；Fluent；射流仿真；淹没；非淹没；收缩角 中图分类号：TH137.53；TD431 文献标志码：  文章编号：1001-4551（2013）02-0185-03 Study on jet simulation of high pressure nozzle ZHANG Zhen，ZHANG Qiao-fang （School of Mechanical Engineering，Zhejiang University of Technology，Hangzhou 310014，China） Abstract：Aiming at the problem of high pressure jet flow speed diverge fast and speed unsteability，the numerical simulation tool of Fluent was applied to the analysis of high pressure jet flow. According to the high pressure nozzle structure characteristics，axisymmetrical geometric models of nozzle and external injection area were established. Grids were divided and encrypted according to fluid velocity changes in the injection process. The submerged and nonsubmerged jet flow of high pressure nozzle and jet flow with different contraction angles were simulated. Velocity distribution was extracted on the basis of fluid theory and the results were analyzed. The results indicate that different constraction angles have a great influence on the aix speed，the speed gets the best speed steability. Additional，the speed of nonsubmerged jet flow is more concentrative compared with the submerged jet flow. The simulation results can be used as the basis for the selection of the high pressure nozzle structure and spray pattern. Key words：high pressure nozzle；Fluent；jet simulation；submerged；nonsubmerged；contraction angle  引 言 高压水射流技术是近 20 年来发展起来的一门新 技术，其基本原理是将水用高压从喷嘴处压出以形成 射流动能［1］。随着工