Speaking to Persuade-- ethos, pathos, logos课件.pptVIP

Rhetoric may be defined as the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion. - Aristotles Rhetoric → Compare 修辞 Aristotle Of the modes of persuasion furnished by the spoken word there are three kinds: the first kind depends on the personal character of the speaker [ethos]; the second on putting the audience into a certain frame of mind [pathos]; the third on the proof, or apparent proof, provided by the words of the speech itself [logos]. - Aristotles Rhetoric Aristotle: There are, then, these three means of effecting persuasion. The man who is to be in command of them must, it is clear, be able: (1) to reason logically, (2) to understand human character and goodness in their various forms, and (3) to understand the emotions - that is, to name them and describe them, to know their causes and the way in which they are excited. - Aristotles Rhetoric Aristotle: When we base the proof of a proposition on a number of similar cases, this is induction in dialectic, example in rhetoric; when it is shown that, certain propositions being true, a further and quite distinct proposition must also be true in consequence, whether invariably or usually, this is called syllogism in dialectic, enthymeme in rhetoric. - Aristotles Rhetoric Aristotle: Example of enthymeme: 1. All people are mortal. (general statement) 2. Socrates is a person. (minor premise) 3. Therefore, Socrates is mortal. (specific conclusion) Aristotle: There are three divisions of oratory: (1) political, (2) forensic, and (3) the ceremonial oratory of display. -- Aristotles Rhetoric Aristotle In-Class Exercise Give a 3-minute persuasive speech. Bibliography Stephen E.