临床微生物标本采集中的问题分析与干预.docVIP

临床微生物标本采集中的问题分析与干预 湖北省潜江市中心医院护理部 戴莉 433100 【摘要】 目的 分析临床微生物标本采集中存在的问题，探讨有效的干预措施，提高标本采集质量。方法 对微生物标本质量进行监测，分析标本不合格的原因，针对问题进行相应的干预措施。 结果 标本采集过程中存在患者准备不足、标本污染、采集量不足、送检不及时、标本送检数量不合要求、暂存不当等问题，经过干预措施，各类微生物标本不合格率明显下降，差异性有统计学意义（P0.01）。结论 通过加强患者健康指导，完善标本采集手册，标本知识系统培训，落实标本采集的环节控制，加强科间联系等干预措施可提高标本送检质量。 【关键词】 微生物标本 采集 问题 干预 Problem analysis and intervention in the clinical microbiology specimen collection Dai Li (Nursing Department, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang 433100, Hubei, China) Abstract: Objective To analyze the existing problems in the clinical microbiology specimen collection, explore effective interventions to improve the quality of specimen collection. Methods Monitoring microbiological specimens quality and analyzing the reasons for failure of the specimens to make appropriate interventions for the problem. Results There were many problems in the process of specimen collection, such as adequate patient preparation, specimen contamination, inadequate collection quantity, specimens tested not timely, the number and preservation of specimens sent undesirable, and so on. The failure rate of various microbial specimens decreased obviously after interventions, and the differences was statistically significant (P0.01 ). Conclusion The interventions, which can improve the quality of specimens, include enhancing patient health guidance, perfecting specimen collection manual and specimen knowledge systems training, implementing the process control of specimen collection, strengthening the contact between departments, etc. Key words: microbial specimen; collection; problem; intervention 为了正确诊断和治疗感染性疾病，严格遵循《抗菌药物临床应用指导原则》 内容 2010年--2011年 （n=690） 2011年--2012年（n=276） n 构成比(%) n 构成比(%) 血培养 采集时机不对 采集量不足 单份送检数 暂存错误 尿培养 采集前准备不足 标本污染 送检不及时 痰标本 采集准备不足 采集延误 标本污染 送检不及时 58 26 62 53 101 90 42 67 31 59 101 8.4 3.77 8.99 7.68 14.64 13.04 6.09 9.71 4.49 8.55 14.64 28 17 36 15 34 29 21 32 21 21 22 10 6 13 5 12 10.5 7.6 11.6 7.6 7.6 7.9 2.2 进行干预措施后，各类微生物标本的合格率提高，差