约翰逊政府对罗马尼亚政策探析(1964-1968) _ 以核技术援助和最惠国待遇为个案考察.pdfVIP

中文摘要 约翰逊政府时期，美国提出“搭桥”政策并区别对待东欧国家和地区，罗马 尼亚即美国政府既南斯拉夫和波兰之后较为看重的国家。本文主要论述约翰逊政 府时期美国对罗马尼亚的政策，从总体上看，美国对罗马尼亚政策仍在对东欧国 家政策框架内，但是美国对罗马尼亚的政策是发展变化的。它从最初视罗马尼亚 为苏联卫星国到后来将其看成独立的国家制定政策，且美国对罗马尼亚政策区别 于其它东欧国家。产生这一变化的原因主要是1960 年代罗马尼亚与苏联在诸多 方面都表现出分歧和矛盾，罗马尼亚在国际事务中追求“独立”之路，它的这种 诉求与美国对东欧“搭桥”政策不谋而合。美国便选择罗马尼亚作为其分化苏东 集团的“楔子”，对其采取异于其它东欧国家的政策，甚至向罗马尼亚提供核技 术援助，这是令人震惊的。但是美国对罗马尼亚的政策还存有局限性，约翰逊任 内罗马尼亚终究不能获得最惠国待遇就是最好的说明。 关键词：美国 罗马尼亚 苏联 核技术 最惠国待遇 Abstract During the period of Johnson Administration, the United States put forward “Bridge-Building” policy and treated differently among the Eastern European countries and areas, and Romania became the other county which was valued by the U.S. government after Yugoslavia and Poland. This dissertation mainly discusses America ’s policy to Romania during the period of Johnson Administration. In general, America ’s policy to Romania was still within the framework of its policy to Eastern European countries, but the U.S. administrations’policies toward Romania were always developing and changing. At first, the U.S. administration viewed Romania as a satellite of the Soviet Union, and then it changed its attitude and viewed Romania as an independent country and formulated its policy to this country, which was different from other Eastern European countries. The main reason for this change lied in the differences and conflicts between Romania and the Soviet Union in the 1960s, and Romania pursued an “independent” road in international affairs, which exactly catered to Johnson ’s “Bridge-Building” policy to Eastern Europe. As a result, the U.S. administration chose Romania as a “Wedge” to differentiate the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Group, and they took policy to Romania, which was different from other Eastern Europe countries. They even provided nuclear technical assistance to Romania, which was shocking so much. Even though, there were limitation