脂肪酸合成系统潜能的挖掘与释放.pdfVIP

1 第25卷第10期 生命科学 Vol. 25, No. 10 2013年10月 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Oct., 2013 文章编号：1004-0374(2013)10-0966-12 脂肪酸合成系统潜能的挖掘与释放 王艺璇，柳志杰，刘天罡* (武汉大学药学院，组合生物合成与新药发现教育部重点实验室，武汉 430071) 摘　要：在全球石油资源不断减少和温室气体不断积累的情况下，急需发展可再生燃料能源及各种生物化 工原料和产品。基于该目的，能够生产高能量密度液体生物燃料和高附加值化工品的微生物脂肪酸合成系 统备受关注。首先介绍了大肠杆菌脂肪酸代谢系统的组成，然后详细总结了通过改造脂肪酸代谢途径生产 脂肪酸以及脂肪酸衍生物的最新研究进展，并介绍了利用体外重建体系来研究脂肪酸合成途径对该系统进 行深入挖掘，以及根据得到的信息指导体内脂肪酸途径的改造来释放脂肪酸合成系统的潜能。 关键词：脂肪酸合成；无细胞体系；体外重建体系；合成生物学 A 中图分类号：O621 ；Q936 ；Q81 文献标志码： Excavation and releasing the potential of fatty acid biosynthesis system—a review WANG Yi-Xuan, LIU Zhi-Jie, LIU Tian-Gang* (Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China) Abstract: Diminishing petroleum reserves and the rapid accumulation of greenhouse gases have prompted an interest in the development of biofuels and oleochemicals from renewable sources. Based on this purpose, fatty acid biosynthesis system, a route for producing high-energy density, liquid biofuels and high-value oleochemicals, has received significant attention. This review first introduced classic E. coli fatty acid biosynthesis system, and summarized recent achievements on the engineering the fatty acid metabolic system to produce fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives. Most importantly, this review introduced the in-depth excavation of the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway by using the in vitro reconstituted system, and engineerin