对话逻辑 _ 语文课堂教学提问研究.pdf

对话逻辑：语文课堂教学提问研究 摘要 语文课堂低效提问，已经成为当今中学语文教学普遍存在而又亟需克服的顽症。具 体而言，许多中学语文教师由于忽略了学生的身心特点，弃置了学科本色，游离了教学 主题，干扰了对话语境，使得提问质量不高、效果不佳。对此，不少老师从提问设计、 言语技巧、方法策略、误区忌讳等方面展开研究，为语文高效提问指出了路径。但美中 不足的是，大多数的研究都忽略了提问是通过对话来推动思考的进程，而成功的对话须 由对话逻辑作为保障。 针对上述问题，本文将依据对话逻辑理论的四项准则开展提问研究，认为问题设计 应遵循数量准则，满足师生双方需要；课堂导入要遵循质量准则，确保提问真实有据； 文本解读要遵循方式准则，力求意脉清晰；内容拓展要遵循关系准则，以便紧扣主题。 并重点强调了在内容拓展的时候，可通过提问营造安全氛围、设置矛盾冲突、激发想象 空间、提供延伸材料等方法，引领学生愿说、能说、会说、说好，进而将课堂教学从文 本层面、文学层面上升为文化层面，使课堂教学的“语文味”芬芳四溢。 在深化普通高中新课程改革的背景下，本研究富有一定的时效性。对一线语文教师 的课堂提问改进有所帮助；对改变语文教学“泛语文化”或“去语文化”现象，有所裨 益；对克服当下提问研究表面化、片面化的现象，具有借鉴意义；当然，从更宽泛的角 度而言，也可为“对话逻辑”理论研究起到些许助推作用。 关键词：对话逻辑 有效提问 认知心理 学科特征 核心话题 对话语境 -5 - Abstract InefficientquestionsinChineseclassroomteachinghavebecomeastubborn problem widely existing in Chinese teaching. Thus, it needs to be overcome urgently. In detail, many teachers usually ignore the physical and mental characteristics of students, so the questions always abandon the features of subject itself, diverge from the main teaching topic and disturb the dialogue context as well. All of these lead to the low quality of questions. Therefore, someexpectsandteachersdidsomeresearch onthese aspects,suchasthedesign of questions, the technique of language, methods, misunderstandings and so on. But there is one problem. That is, nearly all of these researches ignored the follow-upstepsthedialoguebetweenteachersandstudentsbasedondialogue logic. Inviewoftheaboveproblems,thisessaywilldoresearchonaskingquestions on the basis of the four criteria of logical theory of dialogue. Firstly, the design of questions should obey quantity standard which satisfies the need of teachers as well as students. Secondly, the leading-in should obey quality standard to ensure the authenticity of questions. Thirdly, the understanding of the context should obey method standa