《水浒全传》动量词考察及近代汉语动量词初探.pdfVIP

《水浒全传》动量词考察及近代汉语动量词发展初探 中文摘要 量词是汉语的特点之一，它的兴起与广泛应用始于魏晋南北朝，它的发展是 近代汉语演变的组成部分。量词一般分为动量词和名量词。本文选取动量词为研 究对象，选择口语性质较强的《水浒全传》为统计语料，在考察《水浒全传》动 量词使用情况的基础上，梳理前人研究成果，把《水浒全传》动量词放在近代汉 语动量词发展的历史脉络中进行比较研究。 本文以邵敬敏的动量词分层分类方法为基础，选取了《水浒全传》拜、遍、 场、次、顿、番、合、回、通、下、巡、遭、阵、等动量词分别归入：通用量词、 自主量词、借助量词、情态量词四个层面，从语义、语法、历史演变的多个角度 进行分析考察。 得出的结论是《水浒全传》的高频动量词是“遭”和“回”，而“遍”“次” 这两个现代汉语的高频动量词，此时虽不是出现频率最高的，但已占有一席之地 了。补语优势已经确立。 《水浒全传》动量词处在动量词发展中的积累、调整时期。此时的动量词已 经比较成熟，语法地位已经稳固，格式更加稳定，借用也更广泛和有序。动量词 的发展受自身内部发展规律的影响更大了。在为进一步的语法化作准备。 关键词 动量词 近代汉语 《水浒传》 第2页 共75页 《水浒全传》动量词考察及近代汉语动量词发展初探 Abstract Measure words are words that express a unit of things or actions, and they can be divided into the nominal measure words and the verbal measure words. It is one of the characteristics of the Chinese language and a difficult language point most Chinese-learners will meet. The measure words matured with the development of the Chinese language which can be divided into three periods: ancient Chinese, pre-modern Chinese, and modern Chinese. The middle period is important but lacks of study, so in this thesis I try to compare the usage of measure words in Water Margin with tha t in ancient Chinese and in modern Chinese in order to find some regulations of verbal measure words usage in this period and some rules in the development of verbal measure words. According to the verbal measure words system that Shao Jing-min created, verbal measure words in Water Margin were divided into four layers: general verbal measure words, self- verbal measure words, secondary verbal measure words and modal verbal measure words. And they were studied from the points of view of sense, grammar and historical development. The st