外商直接投资引起的知识溢出与本地研发活动：对印度尼西亚的实证分析外文翻译.docVIP

本科毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目：Knowledge Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment and the Role of Local RD Activities:Evidence from Indonesia 出 处：Economic Development Cultural Change 作 者：Yasuyuki todo, Koji miyamoto I.Introduction Knowledge spillovers from foreign-owned to domestically owned firms through foreign direct investment(FDI)in a less developed country are often regarded as a major source of technical progress and productivity growth in that country.A large number of studies have examined whether such knowledge spillovers in fact occur by estimating the effect of the presence of foreign-owned firms (hereafter foreign firms)in a particular industry on the productivity of domestically owned firms(hereafter domestic firms)in the same industry. The results concerning knowledge spillovers in less developed countries,however, have been generally inconsistent. Kokko (1994) and Chuang and Lin(1999),for e- xample,found that FDI had a positive effect on the labor productivity of domestic firms in the Mexican and Taiwanese manufacturing industries,respectively.Similarly, Blomstrom and Sjoholm(1999),Sjoholm(1999),and Takii(2005)discovered a positive effect of FDI in Indonesia.However,Haddad and Harrison(1993)and Kinoshita(20 01)did not find a significant spillover effect from FDI in Morocco and the Czech Republic,respectively.And Aitken and Harrison(1999)found that FDI actually lowered local productivity in Venezuela,arguing that the negative effect of FDI may be due to the strong competition exerted by foreign companies on their domestic counterparts. Some of this contradiction in the results may depend on whether cross-sectional or panel data are used and how the extent of FDI penetration is defined.Also,Javorcik(20 04),using data from Lithuania,and Blalock and Gertler(2004),using data from Indonesia,show that spillovers occur only through backward linkages,that is,from foreign firms to their local suppliers in upstream