基于单片机的外测式液位仪控制程序毕业设计.docVIP

基于单片机的外测式液位仪控制程序设计 摘 要 本设计的主要研究方法是利用超声波回波法进行测量，由超声波传感器的发射探头发射超声波，当超声波遇到障碍物时会被反射，利用单片机记录超声波的发射时间和接收到回波的时间，根据当前环境下超声波的速度，即可计算出超声波传播的距离，即可确定液面高度。文中介绍了超声波测液位的基本原理，设计出了由AT89C51单片机为主控元件的超声波液位测量系统。设计了主要由超声波发射电路，超声波接收电路，单片机控制电路和显示电路构成的系统框图。同时给出软件系统程序设计方法，系统实现了标准液位的检测及显示功能。在硬件部分，超声波发射电路将AT89C51单片机控制的每隔20ms的方波脉冲信号放大到-300V，以满足超声波发射探头的发射需要。超声波接收电路对接收的回波进行放大整形，送回单片机。系统以AT89C51单片机为设计核心，测量得到超声波的传播时间，计算出传播的距离，从而得到所要测量的液位距离,并通过数码管显示出来。在程序设计部分，根据系统框图设计出主程序流程图，采用的是模块化结构，主要分三部分：主程序，中断服务子程序和显示子程序。再分别根据各个子程序的流程图编写相应的程序，使得程序部分适合硬件部分，使系统功能得以实现。 关键词：液位测量，超声波，非接触测量，单片机控制 Control Program Design of Outside Test of Liquid Level Based on MCU ABSTRACT The design of the main research method is the use of ultrasonic echo method to measure the emission from the ultrasonic sensor ultrasonic probe launch, when the ultrasonic wave is reflected when an obstacle, the use of ultrasonic transmitter microcontroller records the time and the received echo time, According to the speed of ultrasound under the current environment, you can calculate the distance ultrasonic propagation, fluid levels can be determined. This paper introduces the basic principles of ultrasonic liquid level measurement, designed by the AT89C51 microcontroller as the main control component of the ultrasonic level measurement system. Designed mainly by the ultrasonic transmitter circuit, the ultrasonic receiver circuit, single chip control circuit and display circuit to form a system block diagram. Procedures are given software system design, system implementation of the standard liquid level detection and display. In hardware, ultrasonic transmitter circuit AT89C51 Microcontroller square wave pulse every 20ms signal amplification to-300V, in order to meet the launch needs of ultrasonic probe launched. Ultrasonic receiver circuit to amplify the received echo shaping, back to SCM.AT89C51 microcontroller system for the design of the core, the propagation time of ultrasonic wave measured to calculate the propagation distance, resulting i