CA6140型车床的经济型数控改造设计横向.doc

摘 要 针对现有常规C普遍车床的缺点提出数控改装方案和单片机系统设计，提高加工精度和扩大机床使用范围，并提高生产率。本论文说明了普通车床的数控化改造的设计过程，较详尽地介绍了C机械改造部分的设计及数控系统部分的设计。采用以8031为CPU的控制系统对信号进行处理，由I/O接口输出步进脉冲，经一级齿轮传动减速后，带动滚动丝杠转动，从而实现纵向、横向的进给运动。MCS-51系列单片机及扩展的选用 ABSTRACT To remedy the defects of ordinary lather C6140, a design of data processing system and its single chip microcomputer system program is put forward to raise the processing precision and extend the machine’s usage, and to improve production rate。This paper presents the process of designing numerical control reform，and explicitly introduces the design of mechanical and numerical control system reforms。We adopt control system which has 8031 as cpu to cope with the signal，and output the step pulse through the I/O interface。After transmitting and slowing down by force 1 gear, the step pulses drive the leading screw to roll。Thus achieve the vertical movement and the crosswise movement。 Reform process as follows:(1)The reformation of machine part, include to enter lengthways to the reformation of the direction with horizontal enter to direction of reformation. Mainly include to roll the ball screw shaft nut and the calculation choice of reaction stepping motor and the establishment of lengthways, horizontal organization assemble diagram project. (2)The reformation of electricity part, mainly include the choice of MCS-51 family single-chip and expand chip and the design of electric control chart. Key words?: numerical control ,single-chip ,stepping motor ,?ball screw shaft ,reform???? 目 录 摘 要 Ⅰ Abstract（英文摘要） Ⅱ 目 录 Ⅲ 第一章 前言 1 第二章 总体方案设计 2 2.1机械部分改造 2 2.2数控系统部分设计 2 第三章 机械部分改造设计 4 3.1横向进给系统的设计与计算 4 3.1.1横向进给系统的设计 4 3.1.2横向进给系统的设计计算 4 3.1.3步进电机的选择 7 3.2数控车床的传动装置设计 7 3.2.1螺旋传动 7 3.2.2轴的结构设计 9 3.2.3透盖的结构设计 10 3.2.4螺母座的结构设计 10 3.3自动转位刀架的设计 11 第四章 微机数控系统设计 13 4.1概述 13 4.2数控系统的硬件电路设计 13 4.2.1微机机型和扩展存储器的选择 14 4.2.2确定I/O接口 15 4.2.3键盘接口设计 16 4.2.4显示电路设计 17 4.3软件设计 18 4.3.1插补原理及其程序设计 19 4.3.2步进电机的控制及其程序设计 21 4.3.3间隙补偿功能 29 4.3.4键盘的诊断 30 4.3.5自动换