套管磁化与过套管介质识别.docVIP

套管磁化与过套管介质识别* 任志平,党瑞荣 光电油气测井与检测教育部重点实验室(西安石油大学) 西安 710065 摘 要:研究套管磁化技术与套管外介质的识别方法。建立了柱状分层介质的电磁响应模型,分析了套管磁导率对电磁响应信号的影响,从理论上说明了对套管进行磁化的必要性。采用带有磁轭的纵向磁化法,对51/2英寸的套管进行了磁化,实验表明,套管被磁化后,电磁信号可有效地穿过套管,并对磁化后套管外的空气、水、盐水等不同的介质的识别进行了实验研究,结果表明,当介质不同时,根据套管内接收线圈所接收到的二次场信号的幅度和延迟时间,可有效地识别套管外的介质,从而证实了采用套管磁化法进行过套管测井的可行性,同时也为生产井的剩余油探测提供了技术支撑和理论依据。 关键词:过套管测井;磁化;电磁测量;柱状分层介质 中图分类号:P631.8 文献标识码:A 国家标准学科分类代码:170.5077 Casing magnetization and through casing medium identification Ren Zhiping, Dang Ruirong Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Logging and Detecting of Oil and Gas, Ministry of Education Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China. Abstract:This paper studies casing magnetization method and through casing medium identification technology. An electromagnetic response model is established for multi-cylindrical-layer; and the necessity of casing magnetization is theoretically demonstrated by analyzing the received signal characteristics influenced by magnetic permeability. In order to make electromagnetic signal penetrate a casing and identify different mediums, a casing of 5 1/2 inch diameter is magnetized in longitudinal direction by adopting a magnetic yoke. Test result shows that the received signals corresponding air, water and salt water are different in amplitude and delay time, which demonstrates the feasibility of through casing logging by magnetizing the casing; and it also provides a good method for residual oil detection in production well. Key words:through casing logging; magnetization; electromagnetic measurement; cylindrical layered media 1 引 言 经过多年的开采后,油气井的产量逐渐降低,剩余油的探测是提高采收率、合理利用资源的重要途径[1-2]。但由于生产井中的套管具有良好的导电性和较高的导磁性,套管内发射的电磁信号被金属套管所屏蔽,套管外的地层中无法形成有效的二次场,接收线圈接收不到带有地层信息的信号。可见金属套管的存在加大了电法测井的难度,使得许多已经成熟的裸眼井测井技术不能直接应用于生产井测井中。 经过多年的基础理论研究和实践,西方阿特拉斯公司和天然气研究院于1995年共同开发了生产井地层电阻率测井仪[3],1998年斯伦贝谢公司开发了双信道套管井地层电阻率测井仪CHFR(cased hole formation resistivity)[2],2000年贝克阿特拉斯研制了过套管电阻率测井仪TCRT[4-5](through casing resistively tooL),与此同时,俄罗斯也推出了过套管电阻率测井仪[6]。这些过套管电阻率测井仪的基本思路是通过构建一种与套管相接触