面向约束优化改进响应面法在车身轻量化设计中应用.pdfVIP

面向约束优化的改进响应面法在车身轻量化 * 设计中的应用 潘 锋 朱 平 (上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室 上海? 200240) 摘要:轿 车车身轻量化设计是一个多约束的复杂系统优化问题, 且必须满足各项车身结构性能, 其中碰撞安全性是先决条件。 实际中普遍采用试验设计和响应面法相结合的手段开展轻量化研究。 针对传统响应面法拟合约束函数易引起优化解落在非可 行域内的缺陷,提出一种面向不等式约束函数的改进响应面法,使近似约束边界分布在可行域中,得到能够满足设计约束的 优化解,数值算例验证了改进响应面法在处理约束优化问题中具有比传统响应面法更为明显的优势。将其应用到车身轻量化 设计中,结果表明,基于本研究提出的改进响应面法的轻量化方案优于传统响应面法,整车耐撞性能得到提高的同时实现车 身前部结构减重 21.4%,为开展车身轻量化设计研究提供了可借鉴的方法。 关键词:车身轻量化 改进响应面法 约束优化 耐撞性能 中图分类号:U463.82? Study?on?Improved?Response?Surface?Method?for?Constrained? Optimization?and?Its?Application?to Lightweight?Design?of?Autobody? Structures? PAN?Feng? ZHU?Ping? State?Key?Laboratory?of?Mechanical?System?and?Vibration,?Shanghai?Jiao?Tong?University,?Shanghai?200240? Abstract:Lightweight? design? of? auto? body? is? a? complex? optimization? problem? with? multiple? constraints,? in? which? vehicle? crashworthiness?is?the?most?critical?requirement.?It?is?a?common?approach?to?integrate?design?of?experiment?with?response?surface? method?RSM?for?structural?optimization.?While?RSM?is?used?to?approximate?the?constraint?function,?the?optimal?solution?would?be? inclined?to?locate?in?the?unfeasible?region.?Therefore,?an?improved?response?surface?method?IRSM?is?proposed.?It?would?put?the? boundary? constraint? of? approximate? model? to? the? feasible? region? and? achieve? the? optimal? solution? which? could? meet? the? design? condition.?IRSM?is?demonstrated?to?be?better?than?traditional?RSM?for?constraint?optimization?problem?through?test?function.?Then?it? is?employed?to?lightweight?design?of?auto?body?and?the?results?illustrate?that?the?optimal?solution?from?IRSM?is?better?than?RSM.?It? reduces?structure?weight?by?21.4%?with?the?improvement?of?vehicle?crashworthiness?simultaneously.?It?is?demonstrated?that?IRSM,?as? an?effective?approach?to?constraint?function?approximation,?can?be?used for?future?studies?on?autobody?lightweight?designKey?words:? Autobody?lightweight Improved?response?surface?method Constrained?optimization Crashworthiness