锂硫电池研究现状、问题及挑战.pdfVIP

第28 卷 第 11 期 无 机 材 料 学 报 Vol. 28 No. 11 2013 年11 月 Journal of Inorganic Materials Nov., 2013 文章编号: 1000-324X(2013)11-1181-06 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.13387 锂/硫电池的研究现状、问题及挑战 胡菁菁, 李国然, 高学平 ( 南开大学 新能源材料化学研究所, 天津300071) 摘 要: 锂/硫电池是以金属锂为负极、单质硫为正极而构筑的二次电池体系。锂/硫电池具有高的理论能量密度 (2600 Wh/kg), 成为最具发展潜力的高能化学电源体系。但这种基于溶解−沉积反应的锂/硫电池体系仍面临一些无 法避免的问题, 包括金属锂负极的显著结构变化、硫正极材料存在的活性物质利用率低和循环性能差等缺点, 制约了 锂/硫电池的发展。本文结合近年来关于锂/硫电池的突破进展, 简要阐述了锂/硫电池的研究现状、问题及面临的挑战。 关 键 词: 锂硫电池; 硫; 锂; 电解液; 复合材料; 综述 中图分类号: O646 文献标识码: A Current Status, Problems and Challenges in Lithium-sulfur Batteries HU Jing-Jing, LI Guo-Ran, GAO Xue-Ping (Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China) Abstract: Lithium-sulfur battery, fabricated with metal lithium as anode and sulfur as cathode, has received more attention as the most promising high energy power sources due to its high theoretical energy density (2600 Wh/kg). However, there are some serious and unavoidable problems for lithium-sulfur battery based on the dissolu- tion-deposition processes in organic electrolyte, including serious structure change of metallic lithium anode, the lower utilization and poor cycle performance of active materials, which become a big barrier for the research and development of lithium-sulfur battery. The current status, problems and challenges of lithium-sulfur battery are summarized, including the sulfur-based cathode composites, electrolyte and lithium anode. Key words: lithium-sulfur batte