中西部地区农户风险应对策略的实证分析.docVIP

中西部地区农户风险应对策略的实证分析 ——基于山西和四川100个样本的调查研究 经管院农林经济管理 申志伟 指导老师 蒋远胜 教授 摘要：本文在观察100户农户的风险应对行为的基础上，把农户视为一个研究主体，通过对农户进行问卷调查和深度访谈，介绍其遭遇风险的种类和损失程度，以及农户应对各种风险的策略，并对其中亲友间的相互借贷进行了实证分析。研究发现：１)农户所遭遇的各种风险中，医疗、建造新房以及教育费用是影响最为严重的，并且每个农户每次平均损失额为4681元；２)而农户的应对策略中，动用储蓄、亲友间借贷以及减少开支是最常采用的。3)其中亲友间相互借贷在风险应对中起着尤为重要的作用。但是由于其风险分担的范围过于集中于亲友内，在遭遇普遍困难的时候，大多数农户内部处理策略失效。除此之外，在亲友内的风险应对中，女性亲属比男性亲属更有利于风险的分散，更有利于家庭分担机制的稳定。 关键词：农户;风险;应对策略;亲友间相互借贷 Empirical Analysis on Rural Household’s Risk-coping Strategy —Based on 100 sample households in Shanxi and Sichuan Provinces Shen Zhiwei Abstract: Observing 100 rural households’ risk-coping behaviors, the paper regards the rural household as a research body, introduces their kinds of encountering risk and their risk-coping strategies and makes an empirical analysis of the way of mutual loans among relatives and friends by the questionnaire survey and the interview with farmer household deeply. The result finds that: 1) in all farmers’ encountering risks, the expense of the medical service, which of constructing new house and the education expense have affected the rural household the most seriously, and each time each rural household’s average loss is 4,681 yuan; 2) in all risk-coping strategies, drawing on saving, loan and reducing living cost are most often used; 3) loans among relatives and friends play especially a vital pole to alleviate farmer’s difficulty. But when all the community had encountered the difficulties, the strategy because of being constrained to a narrow scope of only relatives and friends will has no effect. In addition, in the helps from relatives, female relatives are better at dispersing risk than male relatives, is more advantageous in the stability of the Intra-Family Risk Sharing Group. Key word: rural households; risk; coping strategy; mutual loans among relatives and friends 1 前言 这些年来中国经济的高速增长，重效率而轻公平，发展的不均衡性使得相当一部分农民享受不到经济高速增长的成果，引发了诸多社会问题。中央在十一届五中全会上适时的提出建设“生产发展、生活宽裕、乡风文明、村容整洁、管理民主”的社会主义新农村的重大发展战略。通过开展新农村运动，既可以加强农村基础设施的建设，加