Quantitativemanagementmethodsandapplications-计量管理方法与应用.pptVIP

Quantitative management methods and applications-計量管理方法與應用 Jung-Fa Tsai (蔡榮發) E-mail: jftsai@ntut.edu.tw Outline Introduction Tools: Deterministic and Heuristic Applications Conclusions and future directions Introduction What is the topic? Why do we have to learn quantitative methods? How to learn and apply to solving real world problems? Tools Deterministic: Statistics, Mathematical programming (linear, integer, mixed-integer, nonlinear, dynamic programming etc.) Heuristic: Genetic algorithm, Tabu search, Neural network, Simulated annealing, Ant colony algorithm etc. Deterministic Advantages: Can guarantee to find a global solution Suitable for the problems required highly quality solutions Disadvantages: Difficult to formulate the model The solution process is too time consuming for large scale problems Heuristic Advantages: Solution process is flexible Compared with deterministic methods, everyone can create different algorithms flexibly Suitable for large scale problems Disadvantages: Can not guarantee the quality of solutions Applications Formulating 3D Faces using 2D Images Multidisk Vertical Allocation Problems Portfolio Selection Problems Assortment Problems Container Loading Problems Engineering Design Problems Global Supply Chain Management Group Evaluation and Decision Analysis Bioinformation: Identifying a Commom Site on DNA Performance measurement Others Data Envelopment Analysis Evaluate the relative performance between multiple outputs and multiple inputs of DMUs The score is higher, the performance is better. DEA CCR model Procedure of DEA 確認比較的目標：同類相比 決定比較單位的數目：DMU的數目至少須為投入產出項目的兩倍，若DMU個數太少，可考慮採用視窗分析法 投入及產出的界定：相關性分析 應用DEA模式並分析結果：CCR,BCC etc. Advantages DEA易於處理多項投入與多項產出的評估問題，無須面臨預設函數認定與參數估計的困難，在實際應用上較為可行。 不因計量單位不同而影響效率值，只要受評單位均使用相同的計量單位，模型的目標函數值不受投入產出項計量單位的影響，如以元或萬元計量其效率均相等。 DEA評估效率的結果係為一綜合指標，可描述為經濟學上總要素生產力（Total Factor Productivity）概念，易比較受評估單位間的效率。 DEA模型中的權數是由數學規劃產生，無人為主觀的成分在內，因而能滿足立足點平等原則。在設定的評估方式下，任一DMU均無法依主觀判斷找到另一組權重，而使其效率大於DEA模