生物炼制工业过程及产品.pdfVIP

第 19 卷 第 78 期 化　学　进　展 Vol. 19 No. 78 2007 年 8 月 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY 　Aug. , 2007 生物炼制工业过程及产品 王庆昭　郑宗宝　刘子鹤　赵学明 (天津大学化工学院 发酵技术国家工程研究中心 　天津 300072) 摘 　要 　生物炼制是人类面对日益枯竭的化石资源和其所产生的严重环境污染的必然选择。本文从生 物炼制和石油炼制的比较出发简要介绍了生物炼制的概念、基本分类和理论框架 ,并重点分析了生物炼制过 程工程的相关技术和进展 ,主要包括生物质原料的预处理、过程相关的酶水解技术以及发酵菌种改良等。本 文还概括了生物炼制相关的碳水化合物、脂肪类以及其他类产品的相关产品群 ,分析了一些重要生物基产品 的生产过程、研发趋势以及所面临的机遇和挑战。 关键词 　生物炼制 　生物质 　生物基产品 　生物过程 ( ) 中图分类号: TK6 ; S2162 ; TQ517 　文献标识码 : A 　文章编号 : 1005281X 2007 078119808 The Industrial Processes and Products of Biorefineries Wang Qingzhao 　 Zheng Zongbao 　Liu Zihe 　Zhao Xueming ( School of Chemical Engineering Technology , Tianjin University , National Engineering Research Center for Fermentation Technology , Tianjin 300072 , China) Abstract 　The depletion of fossile resources and the serious environmental pollution made by the fossile combustion have made the biorefinery one necessary choice. The biorefinery and oilrefinery is compared firstly in this paper , then the basic concept of biorefinery , basic principles and main framwork is introduced. The biorefinery related bioprocesses are addressed in detail , which include the pretreatment of biomass , enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentaion stain imporvement. Finally , we outline the important existing and potential biobased products in the carbohydrate , lipids and protein family trees. The producing procesess , research trends and the facing opportunities and challenges of some important biobased chemicals are also illustrated. Key