杏仁核与创伤后应激障碍发病机制与相关性.docVIP

杏仁核与创伤后应激障碍的相关( 刘婷婷1 丁金兰2 刘宁宇2 石玉秀2﹡ (中国医科大学1.九十一期，2.基础医学院组织胚胎学教研室 沈阳110001) 摘要：创伤后应激障碍 (posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD)于杏仁核是大脑中的“恐惧中枢”，与创伤性记忆和应激时HPA轴的激活联系密切。PTSD患者有强烈的恐惧和惊吓反应；血中糖皮质激素浓度反常低下， (hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal，HPA) 轴调节紊乱。杏仁核可通过糖皮质激素受体 (glucocorticoid receptorGR) 和盐皮质激素受体 (ineralocorticoid receptor，MR) 调节激活HPA轴，增加糖皮质激素的释放。2在细胞凋亡的调控中发挥着重要的作用，Bax/Bc-2比值比值增大时，神经细胞出现凋亡。2、PTSD引发杏仁核神经元长时程增强 (long term potentiation，LTP)，杏仁核是恐惧形成和表达的关键中枢。LTP是学习记忆的神经生理基础。在恐惧条件反射的形成过程中，杏仁核发生LTP，表明LTP是反应PTSD发生机制的重要指标。3、PTSD引致乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholine, AChE) 活性降低，乙酰胆碱增多，恐惧增强。乙酰胆碱缺乏可引起学习记忆功能低下。4、PTSD导致杏仁核神经元MR、GR及MR/GR发生改变，激活HPA轴HPA轴调节紊乱。PTSD密切相关，在PTSD的发病机制中起重要作用。 关键词：杏仁核；PTSD；恐惧；HPA轴；；；The relationship of amygdala nucleus and the pathogenesis of PTSD. Liu Ting-Ting1, Ding Jin-Lan2, Liu Ning-Yu2, Shi Yu-Xiu2﹡ China Medical University，1. 91K 2. Department of Histology and Embryology, Shenyang 110001 China [Abstract] Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to one or more traumatic events that threatened or caused grave physical harm. Amygdalanucleus is the brains fear center. Traumatic memories closely link with the activation of HPA axis under stress. PTSD patients had a strong sense of fear and startle response; blood glucocorticoid concentration abnormal low, disordered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal（HPA） axis. Amygdala regulated the HPA axis through the activation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)and increased the release of glucocorticoid. Study shows that: (1) PTSD induced the apoptosis of amygdala neurons. The apoptosis related genes Bax and Bcl-2 played an important role in the regulation of apoptosis, the apoptosis accompanied by the increase of Bax/Bc-2 ratio. (2) PTSD induced long-term potentiation ( LTP ) in amygdala neurons, the amygdala is the key hub of the express and in conformation of fear, LTP is a neurophysiological basis of learning and memory. In the con