气缸论文：基于超声减摩原理的气缸摩擦特性研究.docVIP

气缸论文：基于超声减摩原理的气缸摩擦特性研究 【中文摘要】气缸作为气动系统中最常见的执行机构,广泛应用于自动化生产中。然而,气缸摩擦力是对加工质量、定位精度以及对设备使用寿命产生不良影响的主要原因之一。作为一种新颖的减摩方式,超声减摩近年来受到了广泛的重视与深入的研究。本文将对橡胶—铝合金摩擦副间的超声减摩原理进行探究并将其应用于气缸减摩中,以求改善气缸的静摩擦特性。本文建立了平面接触摩擦副静摩擦力的物理模型。通过推导超声波在铝合金板上传播的振动方程,讨论了其对平面接触静摩擦力的影响。针对气缸密封圈与缸筒内壁之间的摩擦,建立了超声振动作用于缸筒外壁条件下的物理模型。通过对一定气压下密封圈形状的改变及摩擦副间接触状态变化的探讨解释了气缸在超声振动下的减摩机理。运用ANSYS对超声振动下铝合金平板与气缸的振型进行仿真。超声波激振下的铝合金平板或气缸上各点以驻波的形式在原位置附近做竖直方向的简谐振动。同时,与铝合金平板类似,在气缸上传播的机械波各波腹振动幅值相仿,分布均匀,且它们的几何中心处是驻波的波腹之一,具有最大的振动幅值。搭建橡胶/铝合金摩擦副基础试验测试系统,实现了对超声振动下的橡胶—金属摩擦副间的最大静摩擦力与极限位移的研究。橡胶与铝合金材料间的最大静摩擦力可以减小为常态下的23.1%。并且,不论是否加入超声振动,橡胶—金属摩擦副间的最大静摩擦力随着法向压力的增加而增大。增加超声振动的振幅或增大橡胶与金属板的接触面积均会减小最大静摩擦力与极限位移。创建气缸的超声减摩测试系统,通过在气缸外壁引入超声振动的方式大幅度减小了气缸的最大摩擦力与极限位移。在工况下超声振动的引入可以将气缸的最大静摩擦力减小为常态下的36.3%,将极限位移减小为常态下的25%。增大激励电压并且使作用于气缸上的超声振动频率处于谐振频率附近均可改善气缸的静摩擦特性。 【英文摘要】As one of the most common actuating mechanisms in pneumatic system, pneumatic cylinder is widely applied in automatic production. However, the friction of the cylinder is one of the main reasons for affecting process quality, positioning accuracy and the life span of equipments. Friction reduction by ultrasonic vibrations is a novel means for reducing friction and has attracted a wide attention and deep investigations in these years. This article will study on the theory of friction reduction by ultrasonic vibrations between rubber and aluminum alloy flat plate and applied it on reducing the cylinder friction in order to improve the static friction characteristics of pneumatic cylinder.This article founded the static friction physical model of flat-flat contacting body couples. The influence of ultrasonic vibrations on the static friction was discussed by derivating the formula of ultrasonic wave transmitting on aluminum alloy plate. Aiming at the friction between piston seal and the inner surface of barrel, a physical model with ultrasonic vibrations is established. The friction reduction mechanism was explained by analyzing the deformation of seal and the contacting states of friction couple