我国环境影响评价中信息公开问题研究.docVIP

我国环境影响评价中信息公开问题研究 ---以厦门 PX 项目及东营杜邦项目为例 摘 要 本文首先以厦门 PX 项目为例，阐述了环境影响评价信息公开具有 实现实质意义的环境影响评价、促进政府决策的公正及缓解因环境而引 发的社会矛盾的重要作用。进而结合厦门 PX 项目及东营杜邦项目这两个 事例分析我国目前环境影响评价信息公开法律制度的不健全及现实履行 不力的现状，得出我国环境影响评价信息公开制度在“法律”与“执行” 两者间存在着严重的脱节的观点，认为当地民众对东营杜邦项目及厦门 PX 项目的环境影响所做出的不同反应是公众参与意识差别的体现。本文 将比照目前环境信息公开规定得较为完善的国际社会立法《奥胡斯公 约》，分析查找我国环境影响评价信息公开存在问题及成因，并结合我国 的经济及社会现状探寻有效的解决途径。目前，我国环境影响评价信息 公开存在的主要问题在于环境影响评价信息公开义务主体履行义务的不 主动、公开内容界定的模糊、公开方式过于随意及监管和监督机制的缺 失。文章从法律制度不完善、行政执法的不作为及监督机制缺失三个角 度剖析了导致上述问题的根源，着重从利益、观念及体制的社会视角深 入探寻执法不作为的深层根源。最后论述了解决我国环评环境信息公开 问题的有效途径是完善法律制度及站在环境问题的社会角度探寻法律与 执行的结合点，探寻法律与执行的结合点应从以下三方面考虑：一是建 立环保激励机制，二是发挥监管及监督的作用，三是培植环境、法律和 制度文化。 关键词：环境影响评价，信息公开，公众监督，环保文化，法律文 化 2010-7-13 STUDY ON INFORMATION DISCLOSURE IN CHINAS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT --- CASES OF PX PROJECT IN XIAMEN AND DUPONT PROJECT IN DONGYING ABSTRACT First taking the example of PX project in Xiamen, this article discusses the important roles of information disclosure in the environmental impact assessment from three areas,which are to achieve the meaningful environmental impact assessment, to promote the just of government decision and to alleviate the social conflicts caused by environment. Combined with the projects of Xiamen PX and Dongying DuPont, the article analyses the status of the inadequate legal system and ineffective implementation in Chinas current environmental impact assessment,and shows there is a serious out of touch phenomenon between the legal and the implementation. For the environmental impact of Dongying DuPont and Xiamen PX projects, the difference of local residents reactions shows the difference of the public participation awareness. Following The Aarhus Convention, which is the best international legislative practices on current information disclosure in the environmental impact assessment, we analyse the problem and reason of Chinas information disclosure in the environmental impact assessment, and explore the effective solution way combined with Chinas economy and social situa