车辆半主动悬架控制的研究.docVIP

摘 要 悬架系统是汽车实现操纵稳定性和乘坐舒适性的重要机械结构。车辆悬架系统性能的优劣直接影响车辆的乘坐舒适性和操纵安全性。传统的被动悬架系统设计参数一旦优化确定后就无法动态改变，难以使汽车具有良好的平顺性。由弹性元件和阻尼可调减振器组成的半主动悬架有耗能少，易实现等优点，可以改善汽车行驶的平顺性和操作稳定性。半主动悬架既克服了被动悬架系统的缺陷，又使实现成本降低，成为汽车技术中的研究热点之一。 本文以汽车半主动悬架系统为研究对象，在对悬架的性能进行分析的基础上，建立了的二自由度1/4的汽车半主动悬架的数学模型。同时，考虑到路面扰动输入对悬架控制的重要影响，建立积分白噪声形式的路面不平度数学模型。在此基础上，提出了适用于半主动悬架系统的模糊逻辑控制，以控制输出信号动态改变可调阻尼器的阻尼系数从而达到自适应减振控制的目的。最后采用我国常见的C级路面作为激励信号，根据前面所建立的数学模型，利用Matlab/Simulink建立了动态模型，并进行计算机仿真，与被动悬架就簧载质量加速度、轮胎动载荷、悬架动挠度这些性能指标进行了对比分析。 通过仿真表明，模糊控制较大的改善了半主动悬架系统的性能，比传统的被动悬架具有更好的减振性能，能够明显地改善舒适性。 关键词：半主动悬架，模糊控制，仿真分析，MATLAB Abstract Suspension is the important part of vehicle,it can improve ride comfort and handling steadiness.The dynamic Performance of susPension system directly influences ride comfort and handling of driving vehicles. It is very difficult for the traditional passive suspension whose parameters have been fixed by optimization to adjust them to improve on the ride comfort. Semi-active suspension,composed of controllable spring and damper element,consumes little energy and is easy to design and manufacture.And then semi-active suspension can also improve ride comfort and handling steadiness.Not only the semi- active suspension can perform the function of active suspension system,but the requirements of the power is very few， So it has been a hot topic in the research field of cars. The article studies the automobile semi-active suspension.Based on analyzing the performances,the text uses the two freedoms 1/4 suspension model. .Considering the influence of the input disturbance,a mathematical description of road surface irregularity is established，which is the model of integral white noise. On the basis of the above study, A fuzzy logic control method for semi-active suspension is putforward to control the output signal and adjust the damper coeffieient in order to adaptively absorb the shock and improve the ride comfort.Then the software Matlab/Simulinkis used to simulate the semi-active suspension controlled b