基于水声多波束技术的深水箱鱼群状态远程监测仪研究.docVIP

基于水声多波束技术的深水网箱鱼群状态 远程监测仪研究* 张小康，许肖梅 （厦门大学水声通信与海洋信息技术教育部重点实验室　厦门大学海洋与环境学院　厦门　361005） 摘　要：针对离岸深水网箱养殖的鱼群安全问题，提出了一种基于水声多波束技术的鱼群状态监测新方法。该方法采用环形水声多波束阵在深水网箱中进行分区探测，结合多路声信号处理技术、数据无线传输技术和虚拟仪器技术，实现了深水网箱中鱼群状态的远程、实时监测。与传统电机旋转扫描方法比较，该方法结构简单、功耗小，探测速度快，完成一次全网箱探测只需4 s；采用回波能量积分算法估计鱼群量，偏差值小于25%。监测仪样机在海上易于安置、操作方便；在福建泉州围头海域深水网箱养殖现场不同的海况条件测试中性能稳定、可靠。 关键词：深水网箱; 远程监测; 水声多波束; 鱼量估计 中图分类号：TP733.23　　文献标识码：A　　国家标准学科分类代码：170.60 Remote monitoring system for offshore fish cage based on underwateracoustic multi-beam technique Zhang Xiaokang, Xu Xiaomei (Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China) Abstract：Aiming at the safe problem of fish shoal in offshore fish cage, a monitoring method based on underwater acoustic multi-beam technique is introduced. The method employs an annular multi-beam array to detect the fish cage in division cage scanning mode, which integrates with the techniques of multi-path signal processing, wireless data communication and virtual instrument, and can implement the remote real-time monitoring of the offshore fish cage. Compared with traditional method of motor rotating cage scanning mode, the method simplifies the system structure, diminishes power dissipation and accelerates scanning speed. It takes only 4s to accomplish an entire cage scanning. By using the algorithm of energy integral, the deviation of the fish amount estimation is less than 25%. The prototype is easy to install and operate. Test results in the pool and in the field of Weitou harbor, Quanzhou of Fujian show that the system has good performance under different environment conditions. Key words：offshore fish cage; remote monitoring; underwater acoustic multi-beam; fish amount estimation 1　引　　言 深水网箱因具有抗风浪能力强、养殖高产高效、环保等优点而得到广泛的推广应用，目前已成为我国渔业养殖的重要组成部分[1]。但是，较传统网箱养殖，深水网箱所处水域深、离岸距离远、鱼群活动范围大，造成了网箱鱼群安全日常监测麻烦，异常情况（如网衣破裂、鱼群逃逸等）反馈严重滞后等问题，急需开发高效的深水网箱鱼群