浅析美国破产管理人制度.pdf

论文提要 本文通过论述美国破产管理人制度探讨我国破产法中破产管理人制度的建构 和完善 文章首先介绍了美国破产管理人的基本情况 包括相关的专业人员 破产 管理人的任职资格和产生方式 以及破产管理人的法律地位 本文的重点是关于破 产管理人在破产程序中所享有的权利 应承担的义务和责任 权利是有效管理破产 程序实现破产目的的手段和保障 破产管理人的权利主要包括 撤销权 诉讼权 确定或终止待履行合同权 享有权利就应该承担义务与责任 除了履行破产法典规 定的义务外 破产管理人还应承担由信托法发展起来的被信任者义务 破产管理人 一旦违法义务就应承担相应的责任 但美国法学界对违返义务的认定标准还有分 歧 其中包括故意标准 过错标准和重大过失标准 本文参考了大量美国的案例和 学者观点 对前述问题作了全面的分析 最后 基于美国法的经验 本文论述了我 国现行法律体系下破产清算组的实践和存在问题 分析了破产法草案中管理人制度 的基本架构和缺陷 最后提出了几项完善破产管理人制度的立法建议 关键词 破产 破产管理人 清算组 I ABSTRACT This thesis examines the Bankruptcy Trustee in the United States of America and tries to give suggestions of incorporating the Bankruptcy Trustee into the legislating Bankruptcy Law of the People’s Republic of China. The U.S. Bankruptcy Trustee is overviewed in the first part. The second part covers the powers and duties of the Bankruptcy Trustee. Trustees are authorized with powers necessary for the management of bankruptcy proceedings, among which avoidance power, power to sue and to be sued, and operation powers are of the most importance. Duties and liabilities are indispensable to qualify any rights. Duties include mandatory duties and fiduciary duty. The former is provided in the Bankruptcy Code and the latter is imposed from equity law. The breach of duty by the Trustee may cause him personal liability, but the standard to determine the breach of duty varies in both theory and practice. The thesis analyzes the forgoing with plenty of cases and literatures of America. With the experience from American law, the last part concerns the bankruptcy practice in China. After examining the practice of Liquidation Group and analyzing the provisions concerning the Bankruptcy Trustee in a NPC