透过侮辱和咒骂性语言看中国文化.docVIP

透过侮辱和咒骂性语言看中国文化 　　摘 要：语言和文化密切相关。一方面，语言是人们表达思想的载体；没有语言就没有文化；另一方面，语言的含义依赖于人们的认知，更确切地说，语言能否表言答意在很大程度上取决于人们对周边事物的认知方式。侮辱和咒骂性语言，作为表达说话者强烈感情的特殊语言，往往能典型地反映出与该语言紧密联系的文化背景。鉴此，本文分析了收集到的47个汉语侮辱和咒骂性语言的使用情况并透过它们考察了蕴含在内的中国传统文化。资料分析结果不仅支撑了认知语言学的主张,而且窥测了一些受儒学思想影响的中国文化特征，如对道德品质、妇女贞操及传宗接代等问题的重视等。文章最后还提出了一系列今后可以继续提升的研究问题。 　　关键词：语言与文化;认知、隐喻、感情、侮辱和咒骂性语言;中国文化特征;儒家学说思想 　　Chinese Culture as Reflected by Insults and Curse Words 　　Abstract: language and culture is closely related. On one hand, language is the representation of peoples thoughts，without language, there in no culture; on the other hand, meaning in a language is grounded based on humans cognition, more exactly, it is based on their daily experience，the way people conceptualized their experiences contribute to the meaning of linguistic expression. Insults and curse words, as a special language to express speakers strong feelings, tend to typically reflect peoples thoughts which are closely related to their cultural background. Therefore，this paper is an attempt to investigate certain traditional Chinese culture through a study of insults and curse words in Chinese language based on forty-seven words collected. The results not only support the claims resulted from cognitive linguistics but also predict certain Chinese cultural features such as the importance of moral quality, virginity and family line, which are under the influence of Confucian teachings. 　　Key words: language and culture, cognition, metaphor, emotion, insults and curse words, Chinese cultural features, Confucian teachings; 　　1 Introduction 　　Insults and curse words, one of the strongest verbal ways to give revenge to the offenders, are interpreted differently in different languages. Do insults and curse words sends a more effective message? Do insults and curse words represent certain cultural features in the language? How do Chinese people insult or curse when they are greatly offended? This paper is an attempt to reveal Chinese culture through the study