论民事执行监督制度之改革-毕业论文.doc

摘  要  本文是笔者针对民事执行监督现行规定的不足及司法实践中执行工作所出现 的突出问题，就如何改革和完善民事执行监督制度方面，在经过较长时间思考后 的心得积累。 拙作在第一部分首先简要介绍了我国民事执行监督制度的现行规定，然后指 出了现行规定主要是法院内部自身的监督，而这种监督在同一法院内部缺少有效 制衡机制，在上下级法院之间因管理体制等原因也难以达到应有效果。加之当事 人缺乏完整的程序上和实体上的救济权利，作为法律监督的专门机关---人民检察 院也难以对民事执行实行有效监督，这样就导致了执行乱、执行难、执行违纪违 法等一系列严峻的现实问题的出现。 在第二部分，笔者提出改革民事执行监督制度是现代法治社会和公权力运行 的必然要求，是完善民事诉讼、执行监督立法，确保法律统一实施的需要，是执 行权性质、特征及维护执行参与人权利所必需，同时也是治理执行乱、缓解执行 难、遏制执行违法的现实需要。并进一步论证了改革法院内部监督、当事人监督、 检察机关监督的法理基础和法律依据，为怎样改革作铺垫。 在第三部分，笔者着重阐述了我国民事执行监督制度的改革构想。在阐述改 革的理念、原则后，一是指出了如何完善法院内部制约监督机制，包括从执行体 制及机构改革、执行权能分工、执行监督制度落实等方面；二是明确提出要改革 执行救济制度，赋予当事人和利害关系人程序上和实体上的救济权、监督权，包 括实行程序性与实体性执行救济的分离、设置执行异议和异议之诉等等；三是强 调赋予对民事执行程序的检察法律监督权，对民事检察监督的对象、范围，监督 的方式及程序都作了较为详细的阐述。  关键词：民事执行  法院监督  当事人监督  检察监督  I ABSTRACT The paper is aimed at the shortcomings of present regulations of civil execution supervision and serious problems of execution work in justice practice, as well as the author’s view of how to reform and improve the system of civil execution supervision by thinking a lot of times. The essay firstly gave a brief introduction to the present regulations of the system of civil execution supervision in our country in part one, then indicated that the present rules mainly are the supervision in court itself, while this kind of supervision was lack of effective control mechanism inside the same court, and it’s hard to come to an effective result between upper and lower courts because of organization system or other reasons. Meanwhile, the parties were lack of entire relief right in procedure and substance, and as particular department of legal supervision, the people’s procuratorate also was difficult to supervise the civil execution effectively, so it stimulated these serious problems of disorder execution, difficult execution, and illegal execution to come out. In part two, the author made a point that reforming the system of civil execution supervision was the necessary requirement of present legal society and public power when were in motion, and it wa