曹娥江流域生态补偿机制研究毕业论文.doc

上海交通大学 MPA 学位论文  曹娥江流域生态补偿机制研究  曹娥江流域生态补偿机制研究 摘 要 流域为我们的生活和发展提供了多种重要环境服务功能：洁净水、水 产品、水电、水调节、内陆航运、文化、休闲娱乐、水源涵养、生物多样 性保护等。但是，随着人口和经济不断增长，对流域生态服务的需求越来 越多，流域生态所承受的压力也越来越大，所能提供的服务功能在不断减 少和退化。此外，在流域的保护与发展问题上，由于流域生态效益的外部 性和水资源的准公共物品特性，上游保护、下游受益；源头保护，邻域受 益的现象普遍存在。所以,对流域各区域特别是对流域上游地区因保护环境 而使经济发展受到限制带来的损失给予一定补偿,已成为流域保护和管理 的重要举措。 曹娥江流域在绍兴市经济社会发展和生态环境保护与建设中具有十分 重要的地位和作用。本文站在促进全流域协调、可持续发展的高度，以生 态补偿相关理论为基础，分析当前绍兴市曹娥江生态补偿存在工作机制不 健全、补偿积极性不够、补偿指向不明、补偿数额偏低等问题，借鉴国内 外流域生态补偿实践做法，结合实际，突出重点，提出了曹娥江流域生态 补偿机制。 关键词： 曹娥江，流域，生态补偿机制  上海交通大学 MPA 学位论文  曹娥江流域生态补偿机制研究  THE RESEARCH OF ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION MECHANISM OF CAOE RIVER BASIN ABSTRACT River basin supplies us many kinds of important environment service for our lives and development, such as purified water, marine product, hydroelectric power, water treatment, inland water transport, culture, recreation, conservation of water resources, bio-diversity conservation and so on. But, as the development of population and economy, the requirement of river basin ecological services becomes more and more, and the pressure of river basin ecology becomes higher and higher. The service function it supplies is decreasing and degenerating endlessly. Besides, on the issue of river basin protection and development, because of the externality of river basin ecological benefit and the quasi-public goods characteristic of water resources, the phenomenon of protection for upper reaches while benefit for lower reaches, protection for headwaters while benefit for neighbor is ubiquitous. Therefore, to Ⅱ 上海交通大学 MPA 学位论文  曹娥江流域生态补偿机制研究  provide fixed compensation for the loss from the environment protection leads to the limitation of economy development of all areas of river basin especially upper areas is the important act of river basin protection and management. CAOE river basin has its very important status and effect in Shaoxing economy and society development and ecological environmental protection and construction. To promote coordinated and sustaina