近代西方社会契约思想传播进路探析毕业论文.docVIP

摘  要  社会契约思想在西方政治法律思想史上源远流长，最早形成于古希腊时期，经 由中世纪和文艺复兴时期的思想家的逐步完善和发展，近代西方社会契约思想家洛 克、卢梭、孟德斯鸠等对其进行了系统阐述从而开创了社会契约思想发展的黄金时 代。他们提出了人人生而自由、平等的自然权利观，强调主权在民，主张分权制衡， 为近代西方宪政制度的建立奠定了理论基础。　 本文采用了一种新的理论模型对近代西方社会契约思想进行动态研究：从思想 层面上升到政治层面最终落实到社会大众层面，这是一种由理论到实践的三元模式。 论文首先从近代西方社会契约思想的基本理论着手，主要叙述了洛克、卢梭、孟德 斯鸠等的社会契约思想及其时代意义。论文的第二部分主要讨论了思想家向政治家 传播社会契约思想的路径以及政治家对社会契约思想的承继。论文的第三部分主要 阐释了政治家如何向社会大众传播经其继承和发展的社会契约思想，从而唤醒社会 大众为推翻封建专制制度而奋起反抗的意识。　 在论文的结语部分，总结了本文所建立的由理论到实践的三元模式的三个主体 的机能并从现实意义上指出此三元模式对我国的借鉴意义，希望能够对促进我国改 革进程和法治国家的建设有所贡献。　 　 关键词：近代西方社会契约思想；三元模式；传播；路径　 I Abstract Social contract thought in the western political legal history of long standing, the earliest forms in ancient Greek times, via the gradual improvement and development of thinkers of the medieval and Renaissance, the modern western social contract thinker Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu expound systematically which has developed the golden age of social contract thoughts development.They put in the natural right view that all of human beings are born free and equal,emphasize sovereignty in people, advocate the separation of powers, for the establishment of modern western constitutionalism system laid a theoretical basis. This thesis adopt a new theoretical model on the modern western social compact thought on dynamic research:From the thought levels rise to political level finally fulfil in public level.This is a kind of ternary mode form theory to practice.In the first part of the thesis,elaborating the basic theory of the modern western social contract thought, mainly describeds the social contract thought and the important significance of Locke, Rousseau and montesquieu.In the second part of the thesis, mainly discusses paths of politicians spread the social contract thought to thinkers and Politicians are how to inherit the social contract thought. In the third part of the thesis，mainly explains how Politicians spread the social contract thought that they have inherited and developed to society, thus wake up the resist cons