化学化工专业英语（ 第三版） 教学课件 作者 符德学 主编 第十课.pptVIP

尚辅网 尚辅网 Lesson ten Sodium carbonate 第十课 纯 碱  Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda, soda crystals or soda ash), Na2CO3, is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. It most commonly occurs as a crystalline heptahydrate, which readily effloresces to form a white powder, the monohydrate; and is domestically well known for its everyday use as a water softener?. It has a cooling alkaline taste, and can be extracted from the ashes of many plants. It is synthetically produced in large quantities from table salt in a process known as the Solvay process. ?which引导定语从句，起补充说明作用。 纯碱（也称为洗涤苏打水，苏打灰晶体或苏打灰），Na2CO3，是一种碳酸的钠盐。它最常见的存在形式是七水结晶，它随时会风化形成一水合物的白色粉末，这就是众所周知的日常家用软水剂。它具有凉的碱味，可从许多植物的灰烬中提取。它的大量人工业化生产是由食盐通过被称为苏威制碱法的工艺生产的。 The manufacture of glass is one of the most important uses of sodium carbonate. When it is combined with silica (SiO2) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and heated to very high temperatures, then cooled very rapidly, glass is produced. This type of glass is known as soda lime glass?.?When引导时间状语从句，在此表示化学反应发生的条件。 制造玻璃是碳酸钠的最重要的用途之一。当它和二氧化硅（SiO2）和碳酸钙（CaCO3）一起加热到很高的温度，然后快速冷却，玻璃就生产出来了。这种类型的玻璃被称为苏打石灰玻璃。 Sodium carbonate is also used as a relatively strong base in various settings. For example, sodium carbonate is used as a pH regulator to maintain stable alkaline conditions necessary for the action of the majority of developing agents. It is a common additive in municipal pools used to neutralize the acidic effects of chlorine and raise pH. In cooking, it is sometimes used in place of（取代，代替） sodium hydroxide for lying, especially with German pretzels and lye rolls. These dishes are treated with a solution of an alkaline substance in order to change the pH of the surface of the food and thus improve browning. 本段中， to maintain stable … developing agents，to neutralize the acidic …d raise pH， in order to change …s improve browning都是不定作状语。 碳酸钠在许多情况下也被用来作为一个较为强的碱。例如，碳酸钠作为pH值调节剂，以维持对多数显影剂起作用所必需的稳定的碱性条件。它也是普通的市政供水池的添加剂用来消除氯的酸性和pH值的升高。在烹饪时，它有时作为碱取代氢氧化钠，特别是用与德国椒盐脆饼和碱液卷的制作时。这