开花和灌浆初期高温胁迫对国稻6号结实的生理影响.pdfVIP

作物学报 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2009, 35(1): 110−117 /zwxb/ ISSN 0496-3490; CODEN TSHPA9 E-mail: xbzw@ DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00110 开花和灌浆初期高温胁迫对国稻6 号结实的生理影响 陶龙兴 谈惠娟 王 熹 曹立勇 宋 建 程式华* 中国水稻研究所 / 水稻生物学国家重点实验室 , 浙江杭州 310006 摘 要: 为研究杂交稻对开花结实期高温胁迫的生理生态适应性, 选用具代表性的主栽杂交稻组合国稻 6 号、协优 46, 人 工设计极值高温 40~42 ℃, 自始穗期至此后 15 d 每天 6 h 行热害处理, 以自然气候条件为对照, 比较研究高温胁迫对 国稻 6 号与协优 46 结实的生理影响。结果表明, 国稻 6 号具较高的受孕小穗成粒效应, 即不仅不孕小穗率低, 而且 秕谷率也低。国稻 6 号对开花结实期高温较协优 46 钝感, 两者在小穗育性和热害指数上的差异达到显著水平(P0.05) 。 究其生理原因 : (1)成熟期间稻株剑叶光能转化效率及光合效率较高, 茎鞘储藏物质较丰 ; (2)成熟期间稻株仍具较强 根系吸水能力与叶片蒸腾水平, 维持蒸腾流利于光合物质运输 ; (3)成熟灌浆期稻株自动调节粒间顶端优势 , 增进迟 开花的弱势粒充实成实粒。 关键词: 杂交水稻; 高温胁迫; 光合效率 ; 物质分配; 根系活性 Physiological Effects of High Temperature Stress on Grain-Setting for Guodao 6 during Flowering and Filling Stage * TAO Long-Xing, TAN Hui-Juan, WANG Xi, CAO Li-Yong, SONG Jian, and CHENG Shi-Hua National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology / China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China Abstract: For a better understanding of high temperature stress on flowering and grain setting of rice during anthesis, a new rice hybrids Guodao 6 and a leading rice hybrid Xieyou 46 were selected to study the physiological and morphological adaptability to 40–42 ℃ of high temperature stress. The treatment was conducted with high temperature for 6 h each day from initial heading to following 15 days, and plants under natural condition was studied as control. Guodao 6 was less sensitive to high temperature stress, showing a stable yield and spikele