Motivation from Real-World Applications.pptVIP

EE565 Advanced Image Processing Copyright Xin Li 2009-2012 Motivation from Real-World Applications EE565 Advanced Image Processing Copyright Xin Li 2009-2012 * Noisy Photos Noisy ultrasound data EE565 Advanced Image Processing Copyright Xin Li 2009-2012 * Applications (Con’t) Thermal imaging Probe into deep space Neuron imaging MRI imaging EE565 Advanced Image Processing Copyright Xin Li 2009-2012 * Problem Formulation: Image Denoising What is noise? How to mathematically model noise? Why do we use additive white Gaussian noise? Deterministic view (this week) Equivalence between Gaussian filtering and linear/isotropic diffusion Nonlinear/anisotropic diffusion Statistical view (next week) History of Wiener filtering Wavelet-domain adaptive Wiener filtering Local vs. Nonlocal view (think like a physicist) Equivalence between wavelets and PDE-based models State-of-the-art: nonlocal image denoising What is Noise? EE565 Advanced Image Processing Copyright Xin Li 2009-2012 * “For many years, users of ultrasound systems assigned a diagnostic value to the appearance of speckle, and they assumed it was tissue microstructure.” – T. L. Szabo “Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging” pp. 230 ISO 100, f/5.6, 1/350 s ISO 1600, f/5.6, 1/4000 s Speckle Noise EE565 Advanced Image Processing Copyright Xin Li 2009-2012 * “speckle is an illusion more dependent on the measurement system than the issue itself.” – T. L. Szabo “Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging” pp. 230-233 Mathematical Modeling of Noise Gaussian noise (thermal noise) Johnson-Nyquist model Random noise (salt-and-pepper noise) “Dead” pixels in AD conversion or bit errors in transmission Poisson noise (shot noise) Caused by statistical quantum fluctuations Uniform noise (quantization noise) Caused by nonlinear quantization operation Signal-dependent noise (film grain) E.g., multiplicative instead of additive EE565 Advanced Image Processing Copyright Xin Li 2009-2012 * Noise Reduction (Hardware) EE565 Advanced Image Processing Copyr