丝状真菌菌丝的愈合机制.pdfVIP

中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2013, 35(4): 554–558 丝状真菌菌丝的愈合机制 韦学博 张 岩 邱立友* (河南农业大学生命科学学院, 农业部农业微生物酶工程重点实验室, 郑州 450002) 摘要 丝状真菌菌丝的愈合机制对其生存、发育和生活方式都有重要影响。目前, 已在丝状 真菌中发现有三种不同的愈合机制, 分别是高等真菌子囊菌中的盘菌亚门的真菌伏鲁宁体(woronin body)迅速闭塞损伤菌丝的隔膜孔; 担子菌中的伞菌亚门的真菌的隔膜孔盖(septal pore cap)迅速闭 塞损伤菌丝的隔膜桶孔; 低等真菌球囊菌门的丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhiza, AM)真菌的无隔膜 菌丝受到损伤后迅速形成隔膜, 继而在隔膜内侧长出菌丝生长点, 生长点延长、融合, 损伤菌丝愈 合。该文对丝状真菌愈合机制有关的结构生物学、系统生物学和遗传学等研究进展进行了综述。 关键词 丝状真菌; 愈合机制; 伏鲁宁体; 隔膜孔盖 Hyphal Healing Mechanism in Filamentous Fungi Wei Xuebo, Zhang Yan, Qiu Liyou* (College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhengzhou 450002, China) Abstract Hyphal healing mechanism (HHM) plays an important role in the survival, development and lifestyle of filamentous fungi. Three HHMs had been discovered in filamentous fungi. In Pezizomycotina of Asco- mycota, woronin bodies rapidly plug septal pores in response to hyphal damage. Septal pore cap (SPC) also acts as an emergency dolipore plugs to seal dolipores rapidly in damaged hyphae of Agaricomycotina (Basidiomycota). The hyphal healing process in Glomeromycota fungi (arbuscular mycorrhiza, AM) is divided into four steps. First, septa are produced at the cut-extremities of each section. Second, the first growing hyphal tip (GHT) appears from the cut-extremities of the section which is or not always the furthest one from the hyphal apex. Third, other GHTs are produced at the extremities of the other sections, and also multiple septa form in the apex side. Fourth, all the cut sections reconnect through the fusing of neighborhood GHTs. In this paper the research progress made in