现代汉语X点、X些研究兼论副词稍微与有点的区别.docVIP

1 提 要 全文共分四个部分 第一章分析X 点和X 些充当定语的情况一点一些表示少量或不定量的 时候可以用在名词性成分之前充当定语一点所表示的量比一些所表示的量要少 些一点一些在修饰名词性成分时在计数与不计数抽象性与具体性两个方面存 在着一定的差异点些跟这/那等指示代词组合后意义上的差别较大一些 和一点修饰的名词性成分存在着有定与无定的性质上的差别有点N 有些N 和好 些N 既能作定语又能作主语而且都具有不同的选择搭配关系 第二章讨论X 点和X 些充当补语的情况点和些充当补语既可以用在动 词的后面也可以用在形容词的后面在具体的使用中既可以进入祈使句也可以进入陈 述句形容词后面加点和些往往同其本身的语义特征有关而句中时态助词了 和语气词了的使用与否在一定的条件下涉及到句类的转换及句子的表义重点不同 的重音模式说话人的主观意愿说话的语境等都对点些的表义功用具有一定的影 响 第三章探讨X 点和X 些充当状语的情况有点有些既可以分别修饰含有贬 义消极义的动词形容词A2 和V1 也可以分别修饰含有褒义积极义的动词V2 和A2 在不同的组合搭配中除了词义的褒贬以外往往还同了的使用与否动词 形容词的重叠形式以及不同的结构形式有关此外有点有些还可以同稍微类 程度副词连用表示程度的减弱 第四章比较稍微与有点的异同本章从语义限制比较对象表义倾向词义 幅度时体特征这五个方面比较了稍微与有点的区别认为前者的共现成分是有限 制的后者则无限制前者有明确的比较对象能进入一定的比较句式后者没有不能进 入比较句式前者偏向客观陈述后者偏向主观感受前者表程度的词义量幅较狭窄后 者则相对比较宽泛前者可以表示未然也可以表示已然后者一般只能表示已然 最后是简短的结语 关键词 量词 功能 表达 语义 2 Abstract There are four parts in this thesis. The first chapter of the thesis discusses “X dian” and “X xie” used as the attributive. When “X dian” and “X xie” have the meaning of small or indeterminate quantity, they can be used before the noun as the attributive. The quantity which “X dian” implies is less than that of “X xie”. There is some difference between “X dian” and “X xie” when modifying the noun in respect of the noun’s being countable or uncountable, abstract or specific in meaning. There is big difference in meaning when “dian” and “xie” collocate with__the demonstrative pronoun_“zhe” or “na”. The noun which is modified by “X dian” and “X xie” has the quality of definiteness or indefiniteness. “You dian N”, “you xie N” and “hao xie N” can be used both as the attributive and as the subject and have different choice of collocations. Chapter two discusses “X dian” and “X xie” used as the complement.They can be used both after the verb and after the adjective as the complement and can enter the imperative sentence and the declarative sentence.The usage of “dian” and “xie” after the adjective tend to be in connection with the semantic feature of the adjective.The usage of “liao” as the auxiliary of tense and as mood is concerned w