连铸坯鼓肚热变形数值模拟研究.pdfVIP

连铸坯鼓肚热变形数值模拟研究 ·1 · 连铸坯鼓肚热变形数值模拟研究 王迎春 阮晓明 张 立 (宝钢研究院冶金工艺所，上海 201900) 摘 要 本文开发了热应力模型来研究铸坯鼓肚热变形行为。采用二维瞬态有限元传热模型预测连铸过程的温度场 分布，其结果作为热应力模型的输入条件进行力学分析。本文的研究结果表明，铸坯的最大拉伸应变出现在凝固前 沿，位于上支承辊的下端，这个应变会引起凝固前沿内部裂纹的产生，有发生内部缺陷的危险。最大拉伸应力则发 生在铸坯外表面，位于连个支承辊之间，也就是发生最大鼓肚的位置，而凝固前沿的则应力较小。最后分析了拉速 对坯壳鼓肚应力应变的影响。 关键词 连铸 鼓肚 温度分布 应力应变 Numerical Simulation of Bulging for Continuous Casting Wang Yingchun Ruan Xiaoming Zhang Li (Metallurgical Process Department, Research Institute, Baosteel Iron Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201900) Abstract In this paper, the mathematical models have been developed to analyze the thermal and mechanical behaviour of the bulging for continuous casting. The thermal history of the slab has been predicted by a two-dimensional, transient, finite element, heat transfer model, which serves as input to the stress model.. For this case, the maximum tensile strain during bulging process is located at the solidification front just past the top of the upstream roll, which is in connection with the crack formation. The maximum tensile stresses are located at the cold surface in the middle between the two rolls, just at the point of the maximum bulging. Stresse near the solidification front is small. Finally, the effect of casting speed to the bulging deformation is discussed. Key words continuous casting, bulging, temperature field, stress and strain 1 前言 在连铸过程中，铸坯从结晶器出来后在二冷区连续支承辊之间移动，必然会导致铸坯表面温度的波动。 而铸坯则会受到热应力、钢水静压力和支承辊作用发生变形。这些施加在凝固坯壳上的力所导致的坯壳变形 与裂纹的发生有很大的关系，辊间鼓肚则是铸坯变形主要现象之一。 通常，鼓肚是产生中心偏析和中间裂纹的重要原因，这些缺陷会降低铸坯质量[1~3] 。此外，鼓肚还可能 增加支承辊的载荷而使其受损。在实际生产中，铸坯鼓肚的发生和抑制也是铸机设计和制定二次冷却的重要 关注点，特别是对高拉速铸机。很多工艺参数影响到鼓肚的形成，例如钢种的高温特性、凝固坯壳厚度、辊 间距、到弯月面距离、板坯宽度、拉坯速度和表面温度等。 为了探究鼓肚变形行为，已有冶金科技工作者对鼓肚行为进