水平轴风力机桨叶气动性能地研究综述.pdfVIP

1 水平轴风力机桨叶气动性能的研究综述 刘正强 卢绪祥 李录平 （长沙理工大学 能源与动力工程学院，湖南 长沙 410076） 摘 要：随着《可再生能源法》的实施，我国风力发电飞速发展，而水平轴风力机由于风能利用系数高，输 出功率大而得到广泛应用。风力机桨叶是将风能转化为机械能的关键部件，其气动性能的优劣关系到风力 机组的运行效率及气动安全，是风力机设计的关键。本文首先重点介绍了工程中应用最广泛的叶素动量理 论模型以及为提高其准确性而引入Prandtl 叶尖、轮毂损失修正以及Glauert 修正因子进行修正的改进模 型；针对风力机实际运行时存在的失速延迟现象,阐述了预估风力机气动性能的静态失速模型和动态失速模 型；叙述了风力机运行时产生的复杂流场的涡尾迹理论；最后对最近发展起来的、用来模拟风力机气动性 能计算的 CFD 方法进行了介绍，同时对各种理论模型的利弊进行了比较。随后介绍了目前用来增加叶片气 动性能的方法，并对风力机在恶劣条件运行中覆冰对气动性能影响进行了叙述；最后展望该领域值得更进 一步深入研究的几个关键问题。本文的工作可为水平轴风力机叶片气动性能进一步的研究提供一定的参考 价值。 关键词：水平轴风力机；桨叶；气动性能；CFD；覆冰 A Review of Researches on Aerodynamic Performance of HAWT Blades Liu Zhengqiang, Lu Xuxiang, Li Luping (College of EnergyPower Engineering, Changsha University of ScienceTechnology, changsha 410076, China ) Abstract: The wind power generation technology has been rapidly developed in China with renewable energy law brought into effect, and the Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) due to higher wind power coefficient and output power has been widely used. The blade of wind turbine is the key parts to convert wind energy into mechanical energy. The advantages and disadvantages of aerodynamic performance, which relates to operation efficiency and aerodynamic safety of wind turbine unit, is the key to HAWT design technology. The blade element momentum (BEM) theory model that is extensively applied in engineering and its modified model that is revised to improve its correctness by introducing Prandtl tip-loss and hub-loss model and Glauert correction factor are first emphatically introduced. Aiming at the stall delay phenomenon that exists in practical operation of HAWT, the static-stall