7-Done 基础方差分布,中心极限理论.pdf

Introduction to Sampling Distributions Sampling Error  Sample Statistics are used to estimate Population Parameters ex: X is an estimate of the population mean, μ  Problems:  Different samples provide different estimates of the population parameter  Sample results have potential variability, thus sampling error exits Business Statistics: A Decision-Making Approach, 8e © 2011 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chap 6-2 Calculating Sampling Error  Sampling Error: The difference between a value (a statistic) computed from a sample and the corresponding value (a parameter) computed from a population Example: (for the mean) SamplingError x - μ where: x sample mean μ population mean Business Statistics: A Decision-Making Approach, 8e © 2011 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chap 6-3 Review  Population mean: Sample Mean: xi xi μ x N n where: μ = Population mean x = sample mean x = Values in the population or sample i N = Population size n = sample size Business Statistics: A Decision-Making Approach, 8e © 2011 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chap 6-4 Example If the population mean is μ = 99.2 degrees and a sample of n = 5 temperatures yields a sample mean of x = 98.6 degrees, then the sampling e